{"name":"针织工题库","level":"初级 / 中级 / 高级","org":"人力资源和社会保障部门","count":300,"questions":[{"id":1,"type":"single","stem":"针织圆机上机操作前，检查针筒（针盘）织针时发现个别织针针踵有轻微磨损但未断裂，正确的处置方式是","options":["继续开机，待断针后再更换","将该针位标记并立即更换新针","用油石修磨针踵后继续使用","降低机速运行一个班次后观察"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"知识点：织针针踵磨损会影响三角走针轨迹，导致漏针或撞针。正确项：针踵磨损虽未断，但走针不稳，应标记针位并立即换针，避免批量疵布。A错在断针后再换已产生疵布和撞针风险；C错在针踵修磨改变尺寸，走针轨迹更不可控；D错在降速不能消除轨迹偏差，仍会出疵布。","tier":"挑战"},{"id":2,"type":"single","stem":"横机编织罗纹时，前床和后床织针需要按配置交替出针，若前后针床针位对位偏移一个针距，织物会出现","options":["罗纹纵行歪斜且线圈不齐","布面横向密度明显变大","织物幅宽变窄但纵行正常","起口脱圈增多但纵行正常"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：横机双针床对位关系决定罗纹线圈的相互串套位置。正确项：对位偏移一个针距，前后线圈无法正常交替串套，纵行歪斜、线圈不齐。B错在密度由弯纱深度和牵拉决定，与对位偏移无直接关系；C错在幅宽变化不是对位偏移的典型表现；D错在脱圈多与牵拉、起口有关，纵行歪斜才是对位偏移特征。","tier":"基础"},{"id":3,"type":"single","stem":"针织圆机编织单面平纹布时，弯纱三角（成圈三角）位置调得过深，最可能出现的坯布缺陷是","options":["线圈长度增大、布面偏稀","线圈长度减小、布面偏密","集圈增多、布面出现横条","浮线增多、布面出现纵条"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：弯纱三角深度决定弯纱量即线圈长度。正确项：三角调深，织针下降多，弯纱量大，线圈长度增大，布面偏稀。B错在这是三角调浅的结果；C错在集圈由选针或三角配置决定，与弯纱深度无直接对应；D错在浮线由不编织的选针造成，与弯纱深度无关。","tier":"基础"},{"id":4,"type":"single","stem":"针织圆机在正常编织中突然出现大面积漏针，检查发现沉降片（退圈片）动作异常，最应先排查的部件是","options":["沉降片三角及其安装位置","纱线张力器刻度","卷布牵拉辊压力","主电机皮带松紧"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：沉降片由沉降片三角控制其退圈与握持动作。正确项：沉降片动作异常应先查沉降片三角及安装位置，因其直接驱动沉降片。B错在张力器影响张力不直接决定沉降片动作；C错在牵拉辊压力影响牵拉不改变沉降片轨迹；D错在主电机皮带影响转速不改变沉降片动作。","tier":"挑战"},{"id":5,"type":"single","stem":"针织圆机更换纱线品种后，为保证线圈长度一致，正确的调整顺序是","options":["先调弯纱三角深度，再核对牵拉张力","先调牵拉张力，再调弯纱三角深度","先调机速，再调弯纱三角深度","先调选针器，再调牵拉张力"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：线圈长度主要由弯纱三角深度决定，牵拉张力影响线圈稳定但不改变弯纱量。正确项：先调弯纱三角确定线圈长度，再核对牵拉张力使布面稳定。B错在牵拉张力不能决定线圈长度，先调它无法保证一致；C错在机速影响产量和张力波动，不决定线圈长度；D错在选针器管花型不决定线圈长度。","tier":"基础"},{"id":6,"type":"single","stem":"横机编织过程中，织针在针槽内上下运动时出现卡滞并伴有异响，最可能的原因是","options":["针槽内积存飞花或油污","纱线张力偏大","牵拉张力偏小","机头往复速度偏快"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：织针在针槽内运动需要清洁润滑，积存飞花油污会增大阻力造成卡滞异响。正确项：针槽积存飞花或油污是卡滞异响的常见原因。B错在张力偏大影响纱线不直接造成针槽卡滞；C错在牵拉偏小影响牵拉不造成针槽卡滞；D错在机头速度快影响冲击但不直接造成针槽卡滞异响。","tier":"基础"},{"id":7,"type":"single","stem":"针织圆机编织提花布时，选针器某一刀片动作不到位，最可能出现的坯布缺陷是","options":["规律性纵向花型错乱","布面整体横向密度偏大","布面整体纵向密度偏大","卷布边缘出现荷叶边"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：选针器刀片控制织针是否参与编织，动作不到位会造成该针位花型错误。正确项：某一刀片不到位，对应针位花型规律性错乱，呈纵向规律。B、C错在整体密度由弯纱和牵拉决定，不由单个选针刀片决定；D错在荷叶边与卷布牵拉或边撑有关，与选针器无关。","tier":"基础"},{"id":8,"type":"single","stem":"针织圆机开机前对针筒进行清洁时，正确的做法是","options":["用压缩空气吹净针槽后再加专用针织油","用清水冲洗针筒后直接开机","用棉纱蘸汽油擦拭针筒后开机","用毛刷蘸机油刷洗针筒后开机"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：针筒清洁应先用压缩空气吹净飞花，再加专用针织油润滑。正确项：吹净后加针织油，既清洁又润滑。B错在清水会锈蚀针筒且无法润滑；C错在汽油易损伤机件且挥发快无润滑；D错在机油黏度不适用针织润滑且毛刷易留毛屑。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":9,"type":"single","stem":"某针织企业新工在横机起口后直接全速编织，成品起口处出现脱圈和豁口，正确的操作应是","options":["起口后先低速编织数转并检查起口再提速","起口后直接全速并加大牵拉张力","起口后先停机静置再全速编织","起口后降低牵拉张力再全速编织"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：横机起口阶段线圈未稳定，需低速编织并检查起口。正确项：先低速数转检查起口再提速，可及时发现脱圈。B错在直接全速加大牵拉会加剧脱圈；C错在静置不能使起口线圈稳定；D错在降低牵拉张力不能解决起口稳定性问题。","tier":"基础"},{"id":10,"type":"single","stem":"针织圆机编织时纱线张力过大，对坯布质量最直接的影响是","options":["线圈长度偏小、布面偏紧偏硬","线圈长度偏大、布面偏稀","集圈增多、布面出现横条","浮线增多、布面出现纵条"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：纱线张力过大使弯纱时纱线不易被拉入，线圈长度偏小，布面偏紧偏硬。正确项：张力过大直接导致线圈偏小、布面偏紧。B错在这是张力过小的结果；C错在集圈由选针和三角配置决定；D错在浮线由不编织选针造成，与张力无关。","tier":"基础"},{"id":11,"type":"multi","stem":"针织圆机在编织过程中出现布面纵向连续漏针，下列排查方向中合理的有","options":["检查该针位织针是否弯针或断针","检查该路纱线是否未正确穿入导纱器","检查该路弯纱三角是否松动或位置异常","检查卷布牵拉辊压力是否偏大","检查车间照明亮度是否不足"],"answer":[0,1,2],"explanation":"知识点：纵向连续漏针多与特定针位或特定路的成圈条件异常有关。正确项A查织针状态，B查纱线是否正常喂入，C查三角是否松动，均为合理方向。D错在牵拉辊压力偏大影响整体牵拉，不造成单路纵向连续漏针；E错在照明亮度不影响成圈动作，与漏针无直接因果关系。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":12,"type":"single","stem":"针织圆机在编织单面平针织物时，若纱线张力偏大，最可能直接造成下列哪种织疵","options":["漏针","花针","断纱","稀路"],"answer":[2],"explanation":"知识点：圆机纱线张力与织疵的对应关系。张力偏大时纱线承受的拉伸负荷增加，最直接的后果是断纱，因此正确项为断纱。漏针多因织针未吃到纱或针舌未打开；花针多因纱线未按规律成圈或织针排列问题；稀路是各路弯纱深度不一致造成的纵向条纹，三者都不是张力偏大的直接首要结果。","tier":"基础"},{"id":13,"type":"single","stem":"横机编织罗纹组织时，前后针床织针呈一隔一配置，这主要是为了形成","options":["纵向条纹效应","横向条纹效应","提花效应","毛圈效应"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：横机罗纹组织的成圈原理。前后针床一隔一配置使正反面线圈纵行交替排列，形成纵向条纹效应，故正确项为纵向条纹。横向条纹需按横列换色或换组织；提花需选针形成花纹；毛圈需借助毛圈沉降片或特殊纱线，均与一隔一配置无直接对应关系。","tier":"基础"},{"id":14,"type":"single","stem":"针织圆机编织时发现坯布表面出现周期性横条，检查各路成圈三角磨损程度不一致，最合理的处置是","options":["降低卷布张力后继续开机","更换磨损严重的成圈三角","提高纱线张力消除横条","加快车速使横条淡化"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"知识点：周期性横条与三角磨损的关联处置。各路成圈三角磨损不一致会导致弯纱深度差异，形成周期性横条，正确处置是更换磨损严重的成圈三角。降低卷布张力只影响牵拉，不能修正弯纱差异；提高纱线张力会加剧断纱风险且不解决三角问题；加快车速只会让横条更明显，均不合理。","tier":"挑战"},{"id":15,"type":"single","stem":"横机编织时出现布边脱边，检查发现起口梳栉未按工艺要求挂足起口纱，正确的下一步操作是","options":["加大牵拉张力继续编织","重新挂足起口纱后起口","降低机头速度继续编织","增加起口纱张力后继续"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"知识点：横机起口操作规范。起口梳栉挂纱不足会导致布边握持力不够而脱边，正确做法是重新挂足起口纱后重新起口。加大牵拉张力不能弥补起口纱数量不足；降低机头速度不解决握持力问题；增加起口纱张力无法弥补根数缺失，均不能根治脱边。","tier":"挑战"},{"id":16,"type":"single","stem":"针织圆机编织添纱组织时，地纱和面纱的垫纱纵角和垫纱横角应满足的关系是","options":["面纱垫纱纵角大于地纱","面纱垫纱横角小于地纱","面纱垫纱纵角小于地纱","面纱与地纱垫纱角度完全相同"],"answer":[2],"explanation":"知识点：添纱组织的垫纱角度配置。为使面纱始终覆盖在地纱之上，面纱垫纱纵角应小于地纱，使面纱更靠近针背垫入。面纱垫纱纵角大于地纱会使地纱反盖面纱；面纱垫纱横角小于地纱不构成覆盖条件；两者角度完全相同则无法稳定形成添纱效果，故正确项为面纱垫纱纵角小于地纱。","tier":"基础"},{"id":17,"type":"single","stem":"针织圆机编织时卷布辊卷取张力突然变小，坯布在牵拉辊处出现堆积，最可能的原因是","options":["牵拉辊表面磨损打滑","针筒转速突然升高","纱线张力突然增大","压针深度突然变浅"],"answe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，不呈规律性单路重复。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":35,"type":"single","stem":"针织圆机编织单面汗布时，若卷布牵拉力设定过大，坯布最可能出现的质量问题是","options":["线圈纵行密度变稀、布面变薄","线圈纵行密度变密、克重偏高","布面出现规律的横向色差条","坯布幅宽明显变宽"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：卷布牵拉力过大时，已形成的线圈被纵向拉伸，线圈长度被拉长，单位面积内纵行密度下降、克重偏低、布面变薄。牵拉力增大不会使线圈变密、克重升高；横向色差条与纱线批次或张力不匀相关；牵拉力增大反而会使幅宽收窄而不是变宽。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":36,"type":"single","stem":"某针织企业接到一批要求布面光洁、毛羽少的精梳棉单面布订单，在原料确定的前提下，最有效的工艺措施是","options":["提高编织机速以缩短纱线摩擦时间","适当加大弯纱深度降低线圈密度","对纱线进行上蜡并优化导纱通道光洁度","增大牵拉张力使毛羽被拉断脱落"],"answer":[2],"explanation":"知识点：减少布面毛羽要从减少纱线在编织区的摩擦损伤入手，上蜡可降低纱线摩擦系数，导纱通道光洁可减少刮擦。提高机速会加剧摩擦、毛羽更多；加大弯纱深度改变的是线圈长度和密度，不能减少毛羽；增大牵拉力不能使毛羽脱落，反而会拉断纱线、恶化布面。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":37,"type":"single","stem":"针织圆机在运行中突然出现大面积断纱停车，重新穿纱后开机仍频繁断同一根纱，下一步正确的处置是","options":["把该路纱线张力调到最大再试一次","检查该路导纱器、张力装置及纱线通道有无异常","直接跳过该路关闭此路继续生产","更换整台机器的所有织针后开机"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"知识点：同一根纱反复断，故障点一定在该路纱线经过的通道或张力控制环节。应先检查导纱器、张力装置、纱道有无毛刺、缠纱、阻塞。把张力调到最大只会加剧断纱；跳过该路会使坯布缺路、组织不完整；更换全部织针是大范围无效维修，与单路断纱无直接因果关系。","tier":"挑战"},{"id":38,"type":"single","stem":"某横机操作工在编织羊毛衫罗纹下摆时，发现下摆边缘出现波浪形松紧不匀，最先应排查的是","options":["起口时牵拉梳的初始牵拉是否均匀","羊毛纱的捻度是否偏高","机头运行速度是否过快","纱线是否经过上蜡处理"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：横机起口阶段牵拉梳的初始牵拉均匀性直接决定起口边缘的松紧一致。牵拉不匀会在下摆形成波浪形松紧差异。纱线捻度偏高主要影响手感与歪斜；机头速度过快影响整体效率与断纱；上蜡影响摩擦与毛羽，均不直接造成起口边缘波浪形松紧不匀。","tier":"挑战"},{"id":39,"type":"single","stem":"针织圆机编织双面棉毛布时，若上针盘与下针筒的筒口间隙过大，坯布最可能出现的疵点是","options":["漏针形成的密集小孔","布面出现纵向条纹色差","正反面线圈连接不良、布面发松","布边出现规律性卷边"],"answer":[2],"explanation":"知识点：双面织物靠上下针配合完成正反面线圈的连接。筒口间隙过大会使上下针成圈时纱线转移不良，正反面连接变松，布面发松、弹性下降。漏针小孔多与织针、三角相关；纵向条纹色差与纱线或张力有关；卷边多与牵拉和组织结构相关，不是筒口间隙过大的典型表现。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":40,"type":"single","stem":"针织圆机生产中若发现坯布克重持续偏高而幅宽正常，在纱线线密度不变的前提下，应优先调整的工艺参数是","options":["提高卷布牵拉张力","减小弯纱深度以缩短线圈长度","加大纱线喂入张力","提高机头往复速度"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"知识点：克重偏高说明单位面积用纱量偏大，即线圈长度偏长。在纱线线密度不变时，应减小弯纱深度使线圈长度缩短，克重下降。提高牵拉张力会拉长线圈、克重更低；加大喂入张力主要影响张力稳定性；机头速度与克重无直接对应关系。","tier":"挑战"},{"id":41,"type":"single","stem":"针织圆机在编织平纹汗布时，若发现布面出现明显横条暗痕且云斑增多，最应优先检查的是哪一项","options":["各路纱线张力是否均匀一致","针筒转速是否设定过高","牵拉卷取张力是否偏小","机台周围环境湿度是否偏低"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：平纹汗布横条暗痕多因各路进纱张力不匀造成线圈大小不一。正确项对：纱线张力不匀会直接形成横条与云斑，应优先检查并调整各路张力。错误项错在：转速偏高主要影响效率与磨损，不是横条暗痕首要原因；牵拉张力偏小会导致布面松驰、卷边，不是典型横条；环境湿度偏低易造成纱线毛羽、静电，不是该现象首选排查点。","tier":"挑战"},{"id":42,"type":"single","stem":"横机编织罗纹起口时，若起口纱采用与主纱不同的低弹丝，最容易造成下列哪种后果","options":["起口边过紧且难以后续拉平","起口边弹性丧失并易脱散","起口边出现规律性漏针","起口边密度突然变大"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"知识点：起口纱应选用与主纱性能相近且有一定弹性的纱线，罗纹起口才能保持弹性并防脱散。正确项对：低弹丝弹性差，起口边弹性丧失且容易脱散。错误项错在：起口边过紧通常是张力过大或起口密度过大；规律性漏针与选针、针舌状态有关；密度突然变大是密度调节问题，与起口纱弹性无直接对应。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":43,"type":"single","stem":"针织圆机编织时出现规律性漏针，且漏针位置固定在针筒某一区域，最可能的原因是","options":["该区域织针针舌不灵活或针踵磨损","总进纱张力整体偏大","卷布辊压力设定偏小","车间温湿度波动较大"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：规律性、固定区域的漏针通常与对应区域织针状态有关。正确项对：针舌不灵活或针踵磨损会使该区域成圈失败，形成固定位置漏针。错误项错在：总张力偏大多造成断纱、线圈不匀；卷布压力偏小影响牵拉，不会形成固定区域漏针；温湿度波动影响整机而非固定区域。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":44,"type":"single","stem":"针织圆机更换品种后，编织提花组织时发现花型错乱且无规律，下一步最合理的处置是","options":["重新核对花型数据与选针器动作顺序","调大所有进纱张力后继续试织","降低机台转速以减少错花","更换全部织针后重新开机"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：提花错乱多与花型数据、选针器时序或同步信号有关。正确项对：应先核对花型数据与选针器动作顺序，定位同步问题。错误项错在：调大张力不能纠正花型错乱；降速只能减少断纱，不解决错花；全部换针成本高且未针对根因。","tier":"挑战"},{"id":45,"type":"single","stem":"横机编织全成型毛衫时，在肩部收针处出现破洞，工艺上最应检查的是","options":["收针时翻针与移圈是否连续可靠","起口梳是否安装到位","主纱张力是否整体偏小","机头运行速度是否偏快"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：收针破洞多因翻针、移圈动作不连续或旧线圈未可靠转移。正确项对：检查翻针与移圈连续性可直接解决收针破洞。错误项错在：起口梳影响起口而非肩部收针；主纱张力偏小影响整体线圈，不专指收针破洞；机头速度偏快会加剧断纱，但破洞主因还是移圈可靠性。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":46,"type":"single","stem":"针织圆机编织棉毛布时，若布面出现一侧稀一侧密的纬斜，首先应调整的是","options":["两侧牵拉卷取的张力平衡","总进纱张力的大小","针筒与沉降片的间隙","氨纶送纱器的送纱量"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：棉毛布两侧密度不匀形成纬斜，常与两侧牵拉卷取张力不平衡有关。正确项对：调整两侧牵拉卷取张力平衡可纠正单侧稀密。错误项错在：总进纱张力影响整体密度；针筒与沉降片间隙影响成圈质量而非单侧；氨纶送纱量影响弹力，不纠正纬斜。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":47,"type":"single","stem":"针织圆机在编织氨纶汗布时，氨纶丝突然断裂但棉纱仍在编织，最先应做的处置是","options":["立即停机并检查氨纶送纱器与导纱路径","继续运行至落布后再处理","只关闭氨纶送纱器继续织棉纱","降低机速让氨纶自行恢复"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：氨纶断丝后继续编织会产生无弹区，必须及时停机处理。正确项对：立即停机检查送纱器与导纱路径可防止批量疵布。错误项错在：继续运行会造成大量无弹疵布；只关氨纶继续织棉纱会改变品种结构；降速不能让已断氨纶恢复。","tier":"挑战"},{"id":48,"type":"multi","stem":"针织圆机编织过程中出现断纱，下列哪些处置符合规范操作要求","options":["停机后清理断纱并检查导纱器是否磨损","接头后先低速试织并观察线圈成形","不清理断纱直接高速开机继续生产","检查纱线张力是否突然增大","断纱后立即降低总张力至最低"],"answer":[0,1,3],"explanation":"知识点：断纱处置应清理断头、检查导纱与张力、低速试织确认后再正常生产。正确项对：清理并检查导纱器、低速试织观察成形、检查张力突增均符合规范。错误项错在：不清理直接高速开机易造成再次断纱与疵布；断纱后把总张力降至最低会改变线圈密度，不是规范处置。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":49,"type":"single","stem":"在针织圆机上编织单面平针织物时，若发现坯布表面出现规律性的纵向未成圈条纹，且条纹位置固定，最可能的原因是","options":["该路纱线张力过大导致纱线被拉断","该路织针针舌缺损或针钩变形","卷布张力偏大造成坯布拉伸变形","该路导纱器位置偏高使纱线未垫入针钩"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"知识点：圆机纵向规律性疵点与织针状态的对应关系。固定位置的纵向未成圈条纹说明该路织针在成圈过程中无法正常闭口或脱圈，针舌缺损或针钩变形是典型原因。纱线张力过大通常造成断纱或大面积漏针，不会形成固定位置的规律条纹；卷布张力偏大主要影响坯布线圈密度和幅宽，不会只出现在固定一路；导纱器位置偏高会导致垫纱不稳，通常表现为随机漏针或纱线浮起，而非固定纵向条纹。","tier":"挑战"},{"id":50,"type":"single","stem":"针织圆机编织单面平纹汗布时，若发现坯布表面出现规律性的纵向稀路，应优先检查的部位是","options":["沉降片三角的磨损状态","针筒内径的圆度偏差","积极式输纱器的张力设定","卷布机构的牵拉张力大小"],"answer":[2],"explanation":"纵向稀路多因纱线张力不匀造成，优先检查输纱器张力设定是否偏松或波动。沉降片三角磨损影响线圈脱圈形态，导致的是花针或破洞类疵点；针筒圆度偏差会造成横向密度不匀；卷布牵拉张力影响整体线圈长度，不产生规律性纵向稀路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减小。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":70,"type":"single","stem":"横机编织罗纹时出现“漏针”疵点，最先应检查的部位是","options":["纱线张力盘与导纱器位置","牵拉梳的梳齿密度","机头往复速度档位","起底板的高度刻度"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"漏针多因纱线未正确垫入针钩，先查导纱器位置与张力是否稳定，故A正确；B梳齿密度影响牵拉均匀度，不直接造成单针漏针；C机头速度过快会引起花针而非典型漏针；D起底板高度影响起口，不影响正常编织段漏针。","tier":"基础"},{"id":71,"type":"single","stem":"针织圆机编织时发现坯布表面呈规则斜向条纹，且条纹方向随机器转向固定，最可能的原因是","options":["各路纱线张力差异过大","针筒与针盘同心度偏差","卷布辊牵拉张力偏小","纱线捻度方向与编织方向不匹配"],"answer":[3],"explanation":"规则斜纹且方向固定，是纱线捻度方向与织针成圈方向配合不当造成的斜片，故D正确；A张力差异多表现为横条或密度不匀；B同心度偏差造成纵向稀密路；C牵拉偏小造成布面松浮而非规则斜纹。","tier":"挑战"},{"id":72,"type":"single","stem":"横机编织全成型毛衫时，需要在袖窿处做局部收针，正确的操作顺序是","options":["先移圈再翻针，然后收针","先收针再翻针，然后移圈","先翻针再收针，然后移圈","先移圈再收针，然后翻针"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"局部收针应先移圈腾出空针，再翻针把线圈转移，最后收针使边缘成形，故A正确；B先收针会失去可转移的线圈；C翻针在移圈之前会使目标针位被占；D先收针再翻针同样导致线圈无法转移。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":73,"type":"single","stem":"某针织厂在圆机上编织涤纶汗布，生产中发现针筒温度明显升高且布面出现熔孔，下列处置最合理的是","options":["降低机速并检查纱线油含量与导纱张力","提高机速使熔孔在牵拉中自动闭合","加大卷布张力把熔孔拉平","更换更细的织针以减少摩擦"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"熔孔多因摩擦热积聚，降速并检查油含量与张力可减少发热，故A正确；B提高机速会加剧摩擦热；C加大张力不能消除熔孔且易断纱；D换更细针会改变线圈密度且不解决发热根源。","tier":"挑战"},{"id":74,"type":"single","stem":"在双面圆机上编织棉毛组织时，上下针盘针的“对位”关系通常是指","options":["上下织针针背相对、错开半个针距","上下织针针钩完全对齐在同一垂直线上","上针盘针比下针筒针高出一个针距","下针筒针比上针盘针低半个针距"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"棉毛（双罗纹）要求上下针错开半个针距、针背相对，才能互相吃纱形成双面，故A正确；B完全对齐会变成罗纹或漏针；C、D所述高低差不是对位的定义，对位指水平错位关系。","tier":"基础"},{"id":75,"type":"single","stem":"针织圆机编织时出现“稀路”（纵向密度不匀），下列原因中最不可能的是","options":["某路弯纱三角磨损","某路纱线张力偏小","针筒转速整体偏慢","某路导纱器安装偏高"],"answer":[2],"explanation":"稀路是单路或局部成圈不良，整体转速偏慢只会使产量下降而不会造成纵向稀密路，故C为最不可能；A三角磨损使该路弯纱不足；B张力偏小使该路线圈偏大；D导纱器偏高使垫纱位置不当。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":76,"type":"single","stem":"在横机上编织起口时，使用起底板的作用是","options":["把起始线圈从针上脱下并牵拉","把纱线导入导纱器","控制机头往复速度","调节纱线张力盘压力"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"起底板在起口后将起始线圈从针上脱下并施加牵拉，形成可继续编织的布边，故A正确；B导纱由导纱器完成；C速度由机头控制；D张力由张力盘调节。","tier":"基础"},{"id":77,"type":"single","stem":"某厂在圆机上编织氨纶弹力汗布，下机后坯布回缩明显、幅宽不足，正确的处置是","options":["提高卷布张力并降低氨纶喂入量","降低卷布张力并适当增加氨纶喂入量","提高机速并降低纱线张力","降低机速并减少氨纶含量"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"氨纶回缩大导致幅宽不足，应减小牵拉张力并增加氨纶喂入使布面松弛回缩后幅宽达标，故B正确；A提高张力会加剧回缩；C提高机速不解决回缩；D减少氨纶含量会使弹力不足且幅宽更小。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":78,"type":"single","stem":"针织圆机在编织平针坯布时，若纱线张力过大且不均匀，最可能出现的织疵是","options":["漏针","花针","横条","破洞"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点是圆机平针编织张力与织疵的对应关系。纱线张力过大且不均匀时，织针退圈时纱线难以顺利脱出，易造成漏针。花针多与织针状态不良或纱线毛羽多有关；横条多与纱线线密度或送纱量波动有关；破洞多与织针断裂或纱线强力不足有关，均非张力过大不均匀的直接典型结果。","tier":"基础"},{"id":79,"type":"single","stem":"横机编织罗纹坯布时，前床针与后床针交替出针形成1×1罗纹，若后床针全部不参加工作，织物组织将变为","options":["平针","罗纹","双反面","空气层"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点是横机前后针床配合与基本组织的关系。1×1罗纹要求前后针床织针交替参加编织，后床针全部不工作时仅前床针成圈，织物变为单面平针。罗纹需两针床交替；双反面需前后针床交替且移圈配置；空气层需前后针床分别成圈并以纱线连接，均与题干条件不符。","tier":"基础"},{"id":80,"type":"single","stem":"针织圆机在更换纱线批号后，为确认实际线密度与送纱量是否匹配，最应先做的操作是","options":["直接提速观察布面","测纱长并核对送纱盘","调大张力后试织","更换全部织针"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"知识点是换批号后的工艺确认程序。纱线批号变化常伴随线密度波动，应先测纱长并核对送纱盘，确认送纱量与工艺要求一致。直接提速观察布面无法定量判断送纱量；调大张力会掩盖问题；更换全部织针属于过度处置且无法解决送纱量不匹配。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":81,"type":"single","stem":"横机编织时发现织物边缘出现线圈脱落且脱散向内侧扩展，正确的下一步处置是","options":["继续编织并后续修补","立即停机检查边针和牵拉","降低机速继续观察","加大牵拉力收紧布边"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"知识点是横机脱散性织疵的处置程序。边针脱散会沿纵行扩展，应立即停机检查边针是否损坏、牵拉是否失效。继续编织会使脱散扩大；降低机速不能阻止脱散；加大牵拉力可能加剧边针损伤和脱散。","tier":"挑战"},{"id":82,"type":"single","stem":"针织圆机在编织添纱组织时，地纱与添纱的垫纱位置关系应为","options":["地纱靠近针背、添纱靠近针钩","地纱靠近针钩、添纱靠近针背","两纱在同一高度同时垫入","两纱交替垫入不同成圈系统"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点是添纱组织的垫纱配置。添纱组织中地纱应靠近针背、添纱靠近针钩，使添纱覆盖在地纱表面形成正面效应。地纱靠近针钩会使地纱外露，失去添纱效果；两纱同高会随机覆盖；交替垫入不同系统无法形成添纱覆盖关系。","tier":"基础"},{"id":83,"type":"single","stem":"针织圆机在开机前检查中发现某成圈系统的织针针踵磨损明显，正确的处置是","options":["继续使用至断针再换","将该系统织针整组更换","只更换磨损最重的一枚","调低该系统的送纱量"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"知识点是织针磨损的处置原则。针踵磨损会影响该成圈系统所有织针的选针和成圈一致性，应将该系统织针整组更换。继续使用至断针会造成批量织疵；只换最重一枚无法恢复一致性；调低送纱量不能解决针踵磨损问题。","tier":"挑战"},{"id":84,"type":"single","stem":"针织圆机编织氨纶弹力坯布时，为控制坯布门幅和弹性回复，最关键的工艺参数是","options":["氨纶送纱张力与牵拉张力","针筒转速与卷布张力","车间温度与湿度","织针型号与针筒直径"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点是氨纶弹力坯布的工艺控制要点。氨纶送纱张力决定弹性回复和门幅，牵拉张力影响线圈形态和门幅稳定，二者是关键。针筒转速与卷布张力影响产量和卷装；温湿度影响静电和回潮；织针型号与针筒直径决定机型和基本规格，均非控制弹性的最关键参数。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":85,"type":"single","stem":"在针织圆机上编织纬平针组织时，若发现坯布表面出现连续纵向条纹，且条纹间距与针距一致，最可能的原因是","options":["某路纱线张力过大导致该路线圈纵行密度异常","针盘与针筒的同步齿形带磨损导致错位","卷布罗拉牵拉张力过小造成布面松弛","沉降片三角磨损使旧线圈退圈不充分"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：纬平针纵条纹与单路成圈条件的关系。正确项：某路纱线张力过大，会使该路弯纱深度改变，该路对应的纵行线圈大小与其他路不同，形成纵向条纹。错误项：同步带磨损主要影响对位与撞针，通常表现为规律性横档或破洞；卷布张力过小一般造成布面松弛、花针或漏针，不形成等间距纵条；沉降片三角磨损影响握持旧线圈，多表现为集圈或漏针。","tier":"挑战"},{"id":86,"type":"single","stem":"横机编织罗纹时，前床针与后床针交替配置，若前后床针位相差一个针距，最直接的后果是","options":["织物由罗纹变为满针平针组织","前床与后床线圈相互串套形成浮线","织物出现漏针和破洞","织物由罗纹变为双反面组织"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：横机双针床对位与组织形成。正确项：罗纹要求前后床针槽错开半个针距使线圈交替串套；相差一个针距时前后针完全对齐，成圈时两针床线圈彼此不交错，实际形成类似满针平针的编结。错误项：浮线由不参加编织的针形成，与针位差一针距无关；漏针破洞源于纱线未垫入或弯纱失败；双反面组织需前后床线圈相互转移，不是单纯针位偏移能形成。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":87,"type":"single","stem":"针织圆机编织过程中，织针在退圈阶段上升高度不足，最可能直接导致","options":["旧线圈未能退到针杆上，造成集圈","新纱线垫入位置偏低，造成漏针","针舌无法打开，造成花针","沉降片无法握持旧线圈，造成破洞"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：退圈高度与集圈的关系。正确项：退圈不足时旧线圈停留在针钩附近，弯纱时旧线圈与新纱同时成圈，形成集圈。错误项：垫纱位置偏低通常与导纱器高度有关，不是退圈不足的直接结果；针舌开闭由针舌与旧线圈相对运动决定，退圈不足时旧线圈反而压住针舌；沉降片握持旧线圈在退圈后期才介入，破洞多与牵拉和弯纱有关。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":88,"type":"single","stem":"某批棉纱在圆机上编织时频繁断头，换用同规格涤纶纱后断头明显减少，最可能的原因是","options":["棉纱的断裂强度低于涤纶纱且延伸性较差","棉纱的回潮率高于涤纶纱导致静电大","棉纱的捻度低于涤纶纱导致退圈困难","棉纱的摩擦系数小于涤纶纱导致打滑"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：原料力学性能对编织断头的影响。正确项：棉纤维强度低、断裂伸长小，在弯纱和牵拉中更易被拉断；涤纶强度高、伸长率大，能承受同样张力。错误项：棉回潮率高反而有利于抗静电，涤纶静电才大；捻度高低与退圈难易无直接对应，退圈主要看针钩与旧线圈；棉摩擦系数通常大于涤纶，打滑说法与事实相反。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":89,"type":"single","stem":"在圆机编织添纱组织时，地纱与添纱的垫纱角度应满足","options":["地纱垫纱角大于添纱，使地纱位于添纱外侧","添纱垫纱角大于地纱，使添纱覆盖在地纱表面","地纱与添纱垫纱角相同，靠张力差决定覆盖","添纱垫纱角小于地纱，使地纱出现在织物反面"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"知识点：添纱组织的垫纱角与覆盖关系。正确项：添纱要显示在织物正面，需其垫纱角大于地纱，使添纱在弯纱时处于更外侧，成圈后覆盖地纱。错误项：地纱角大于添纱会使地纱外露，正面显示地纱；角度相同则覆盖关系不稳定，不能保证添纱效果；添纱角小于地纱会使地纱出现在正面，与添纱目的相反。","tier":"基础"},{"id":90,"type":"single","stem":"横机编织嵌花组织时，不同颜色纱线在换色点处出现孔洞，最有效的解决措施是","options":["提高机头运行速度减少换色停留时间","在换色点将两色纱线相互交叉套结","增大牵拉张力使线圈紧密靠拢","降低弯纱深度使线圈变小"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"知识点：嵌花换色点的纱线连接。正确项：嵌花各色纱在换色处互不串套，必须将相邻色纱交叉套结或互钩，才能消除孔洞。错误项：提高机头速度会加剧冲击，不能消除孔洞；增大牵拉使线圈拉开，孔洞更大；降低弯纱深度使线圈变小，反而使换色处更易脱散。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":91,"type":"single","stem":"圆机编织过程中，若卷布罗拉卷取张力突然增大，最可能出现的织疵是","options":["漏针","花针","破洞","横档"],"answer":[2],"explanation":"知识点：牵拉张力对成圈的影响。正确项：卷取张力过大会在弯纱区把纱线拉断或将线圈拉破，形成破洞。错误项：漏针是纱线未垫入针钩；花针是针舌或针钩不能正常成圈；横档多由张力波动或换纱造成，不是张力过大直接结果。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":92,"type":"single","stem":"针织圆机使用棉纱编织时，车间相对湿度偏低，最易出现的编织异常是","options":["纱线静电增加，毛羽飞散并造成断头","纱线回潮率升高，织物克重超标","纱线摩擦系数下降，线圈松弛","纱线强力提高，织针磨损加快"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：车间温湿度对棉纱编织的影响。正确项：湿度偏低时棉纱回潮率下降，静电增大，毛羽飞扬、断头增多。错误项：湿度低回潮率降低而非升高；摩擦系数不会因湿度低而下降；湿度低不会提高纱线强力，反而易脆断。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":93,"type":"single","stem":"某圆机编织时布面出现规律性横条，每隔固定转数出现一次，最应优先检查","options":["纱线批号是否混用","针筒与针盘的同心度","卷布罗拉的圆周跳动","导纱器瓷眼的磨损情况"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"知识点：规律性横档的机械原因排查。正确项：每隔固定转数出现一次横条，多与针筒针盘同心度偏差或传动周期有关，应先检查同心度。错误项：纱线批号混用造成的横档无固定周期；卷布罗拉圆周跳动影响整幅布面，多表现为连续不匀；导纱器瓷眼磨损造成毛纱断头或局部条痕，与固定转数周期无关。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":94,"type":"single","stem":"横机编织提花组织时，不参加编织的针上形成的浮线过长，最常用的改善方法是","options":["增加参加编织的针数减少浮线跨度","在浮线中间加集圈或添纱固定","降低机头速度减少纱线张力","增大牵拉张力拉紧浮线"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"知识点：提花浮线控制。正确项：浮线过长易勾丝，常用中间加集圈或添纱将浮线压住固定。错误项：增加成圈针数会改变花型，不是通用改善浮线的方法；降低机头速度不能缩短浮线；增大牵拉反而使浮线更紧更易断。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":95,"type":"single","stem":"圆机编织时发现某一枚织针始终不出针，其余针正常，最合理的处置是","options":["调整该路三角的弯纱深度","更换该枚织针并检查针槽","降低整机速度观察是否恢复","增大该路纱线张力"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"知识点：单针不出针的故障定位。正确项：单枚针不出针通常是针钩损坏、针踵磨损或针槽异物卡阻，应更换织针并清理针槽。错误项：整路三角调整会影响该路所有针，不是单针问题；降速不能解决单针卡阻；增大纱线张力与出针动作无关。","tier":"挑战"},{"id":96,"type":"multi","stem":"关于圆机编织时纱线张力对成圈质量的影响，下列描述正确的有","options":["各路纱线张力应尽量一致以保证线圈均匀","张力过大会使弯纱深度变浅、线圈变小","张力过小会造成漏针和布面松弛","张力大小对线圈长度没有影响","张力波动会形成规律性横档"],"answer":[0,1,2],"explanation":"知识点：纱线张力与成圈质量。正确项：各路张力一致是线圈均匀的前提；张力过大使纱线不易被拉入针钩，弯纱深度变浅、线圈变小；张力过小纱线易脱离针钩造成漏针、布面松弛。错误项：张力直接决定弯纱时纱线喂入量，必然影响线圈长度；张力波动确实会造成横档，但该项为正确描述，本题选三项。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":97,"type":"single","stem":"在针织圆机上编织添纱组织时，地纱和添纱的垫纱角度应满足什么关系才能保证添纱均匀覆盖地纱？","options":["地纱垫纱角大于添纱垫纱角且两者在同一针口位置","添纱垫纱角大于地纱垫纱角且添纱靠近针背侧","地纱与添纱垫纱角相同且分别从两侧喂入","添纱垫纱角小于地纱垫纱角且添纱靠近针钩侧"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"知识点：添纱组织的垫纱工艺要求。添纱要覆盖地纱，必须使添纱的垫纱纵角和横角大于地纱，且添纱纱线靠近针背侧，这样添纱才能处于地纱外侧形成覆盖。错误项A：地纱角度大于添纱会导致地纱浮在表面，无法覆盖。错误项C：两纱角度相同从两侧喂入会使两纱交替显露，形成不了稳定添纱效果。错误项D：添纱靠近针钩侧且角度小，添纱会被地纱包住，覆盖关系颠倒。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":98,"type":"single","stem":"某批横机编织的罗纹坯布下机后出现明显的纵向波纹状稀密不匀，而同一台机器编织平针时布面正常，最可能的原因是？","options":["起针梳安装位置偏低导致起口张力不足","两个针床的针距配置与罗纹密度不匹配","机头往复速度过快使纱线张力波动增大","牵拉辊压力设定偏小造成坯布回缩不均"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"知识点：横机罗纹编织的针床配置与密度关系。罗纹由前后针床针交替成圈，若两针床针距配置与目标密度不匹配，前后线圈长度差异会形成纵向波纹；平针只用单针床所以正常。错误项A：起针梳位置偏低影响起口阶段，不会造成整匹纵向波纹。错误项C：机头速度过快主要引起断纱或张力突变，不是波纹状稀密不匀的主因。错误项D：牵拉压力偏小会造成整体回缩，不会只针对罗纹形成规律波纹。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":99,"type":"multi","stem":"针织圆机编织过程中出现规律性漏针，每转一圈在同一位置缺一针，以下哪些排查方向是合理的？","options":["检查该枚织针是否针舌呆滞或针钩变形","检查该位置对应的沉降片是否磨损或动作不到位","检查三角跑道在该位置是否有毛刺或间隙过大","检查纱线张力器整体设定是否偏大","检查卷布牵拉速度是否与机速匹配"],"answer":[0,1,2],"explanation":"知识点：圆机规律性漏针的故障定位。每转一圈同一位置漏针，说明故障源在该针位相关的机械件上。错误项D：纱线张力器整体偏大影响所有针位，不会只造成单一位置规律漏针。错误项E：牵拉速度不匹配影响整幅坯布，不是单针位规律缺针的原因。正确项A、B、C分别从织针、沉降片、三角三个该针位直接相关部件入手，是合理的排查方向。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":100,"type":"multi","stem":"在针织圆机上编织单面汗布时，若发现坯布表面出现规律性纵条纹（直条），下列哪些处置措施是合理的？","options":["检查该路纱线是否张力过大或过小","检查该路导纱器是否位置偏移或磨损","检查该路针筒织针是否弯针或针舌不灵活","降低卷布张力并加大牵拉速度","将该路纱线更换为更粗的纱支"],"answer":[0,1,2],"explanation":"本题考查圆机纵条纹疵点的多因素排查，属于易混概念辨析与两步推理。正确项0、1、2分别对应纱线张力不匀、导纱器位置偏移、织针状态异常这三个导致规律性纵条的常见原因，逐一排查是正确处置。错误项3错在卷布张力与牵拉速度影响的是横密和线圈长度，并非纵条纹的主要成因；错误项4错在更换更粗纱支会改变织物规格，且不能消除原有纵条，属于盲目换料而非排查。","tier":"挑战"},{"id":101,"type":"single","stem":"在针织圆机上编织平针组织时，若发现布面出现规律性纵向未成圈浮线，最应先检查的部位是","options":["沉降片圆环磨损情况","纱线张力器刻度位置","针筒转速设定值","卷布牵拉辊压力"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"平针规律性纵向浮线多因沉降片握持旧线圈失效，沉降片圆环磨损是首要检查点；纱线张力器刻度偏移通常造成全幅张力不匀而非规律纵向浮线；针筒转速影响产量与张力波动，不直接导致固定位置浮线；卷布牵拉辊压力异常影响整体牵拉，不形成规律纵向单针浮线。","tier":"挑战"},{"id":102,"type":"single","stem":"针织横机编织罗纹组织时，前针床与后针床线圈交替配置，若要得到2×2罗纹，织针排列应为","options":["前后针床各连续两针出针再各连续两针退针","前后针床每隔一针交替出针","前针床连续四针出针后针床连续四针退针","前后针床全部出针仅改变纱线张力"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"2×2罗纹是前后针床各连续两枚织针成圈、再各连续两枚织针不退圈交替配置；每隔一针交替出针得到的是1×1罗纹；前四后四配置属于4×4罗纹而非2×2；全部出针只改变张力无法形成罗纹交替纵行。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":103,"type":"single","stem":"圆机编织过程中突然出现大面积断纱停机，重新穿纱后布面同一横列出现密集破洞，最可能的原因是","options":["断纱后未清理干净纱路中的残纱飞花","卷布张力比断纱前调小了一档","针筒转速比断纱前降低了一档","车间相对湿度比断纱前升高了"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"断纱后纱路残留飞花或断纱头会随纱进入编织区造成同一横列密集破洞；调小卷布张力不会造成密集破洞；降低转速只会影响产量与张力平稳度；湿度升高一般减少静电，不会导致集中破洞。","tier":"挑战"},{"id":104,"type":"single","stem":"横机编织完成后需要下机，对于刚编织完的成形衣片，正确的下机操作顺序是","options":["先剪断纱线再松开起口梳栉后取下衣片","先取下衣片再剪断纱线并松开起口梳栉","先松开起口梳栉再剪断纱线后取下衣片","先剪断纱线并取下衣片最后松开起口梳栉"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"正确顺序是剪断纱线、松开起口梳栉使衣片失去牵拉后取下，避免线圈脱散；先取衣片会使线圈受力脱散；先松梳栉再剪纱线衣片可能掉落脱散；剪纱取片后再松梳栉顺序颠倒且衣片已脱离无法控制。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":105,"type":"single","stem":"针织圆机编织集圈组织时，集圈线圈与浮线在布面上的主要区别是","options":["集圈处旧线圈与新纱线成圈连接，浮线处纱线不参加成圈","集圈处纱线完全不成圈，浮线处纱线参加成圈","集圈处只在反面成圈，浮线处只在正面成圈","集圈处纱线被拉断，浮线处纱线保持完整"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"集圈是旧线圈与集圈纱线共同成圈形成悬弧连接，浮线是不参加成圈的纱线跨在反面；说集圈完全不成圈与浮线成圈正好说反；集圈与浮线均不限于单一正反面；集圈不会拉断纱线，浮线也非以断纱为特征。","tier":"基础"},{"id":106,"type":"single","stem":"针织圆机开机前进行纱线张力检查，同一路纱线从纱架到导纱器之间若张力值波动超过设定范围，正确的处理是","options":["调整该路张力器并检查纱路是否有挂纱或飞花","直接提高针筒转速使张力趋于稳定","把该路纱线更换为更粗的纱支","关闭该路进纱继续用剩余路数编织"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"张力波动应调整该路张力器并排查纱路挂纱、飞花等阻力源；提高转速会加剧张力波动；换更粗纱支改变的是规格而非解决波动；关闭进纱会造成缺路漏针，不能作为正常处理。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":107,"type":"single","stem":"在横机上编织提花组织时，若花型出现错位，即花型整体向右偏移若干针，最可能的原因是","options":["花型起始针位设定与起口位置不一致","纱线张力比标准值偏大","机头运行速度比标准值偏快","起口梳栉重量比标准值偏轻"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"提花花型整体偏移通常因花型起始针位与起口对位设定不一致；张力偏大影响线圈大小与密度而非整体针位；机头速度影响效率与均匀性；梳栉偏轻影响牵拉张力，均不造成整体横向错位。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":108,"type":"single","stem":"针织圆机更换纱线批号后，为确认新纱线与原纱线编织性能是否一致，最直接有效的验证方法是","options":["先织一段试布检测线圈密度与布面疵点","直接按原参数全速开机生产","只测量新纱线线密度后即开机","把针筒转速降低一档后开机"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"换批号后先织试布检测线圈密度与疵点可直观验证编织性能；直接全速生产风险大；只测线密度不足以反映编织性能；仅降速不能验证纱线适织性。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":109,"type":"single","stem":"针织圆机在夏季高温高湿环境下编织，若车间相对湿度突然大幅升高，对编织过程最可能的影响是","options":["纱线摩擦系数增大，断头与张力波动可能增多","纱线静电显著增加，飞花大量吸附","纱线强力大幅下降，无法成圈","针筒温度骤降导致织针卡死"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"湿度大幅升高使纱线吸湿、摩擦系数增大，易引起断头与张力波动；静电在低湿时更突出，高湿反而减轻；纱线强力不会因高湿大幅下降到无法成圈；针筒温度不会因湿度骤降导致卡死。","tier":"挑战"},{"id":110,"type":"single","stem":"在针织圆机上编织单面平针织物时，若发现布面出现规律性纵向条纹且条纹处线圈明显偏大，最可能的原因是","options":["某一路纱线张力过大","某一路纱线张力过小","卷布张力偏大","牵拉卷取速度偏慢"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"知识点：圆机各路纱线张力对线圈大小的影响。纱线张力小则弯纱后回弹少、线圈偏大，形成纵向条纹。张力过大会使线圈偏小而非偏大；卷布张力偏大主要影响整体密度和布面平整，不产生单路纵向条纹；牵拉速度偏慢会使整体密度下降而非单路条纹。","tier":"挑战"},{"id":111,"type":"single","stem":"针织横机编织罗纹时，前针床与后针床织针交替出针，若发现织物幅宽比工艺要求明显偏窄，在纱线线密度和密度参数不变的情况下应优先检查","options":["起口梳栉的牵拉是否偏大","前后针床的对位是否错位","机头往复速度是否过快","纱线输入张力是否偏小"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"知识点：横机双针床对位与罗纹幅宽的关系。前后针床对位错位会使线圈转移和交替出针关系改变，导致幅宽变化。牵拉偏大主要影响密度和脱圈；机头速度过快影响效率与断纱；纱线张力偏小会使线圈偏大、幅宽偏大而非偏窄。","tier":"挑战"},{"id":112,"type":"single","stem":"圆机编织时纱线在导纱器与织针之间出现毛羽增多、断纱频繁，检查发现导纱器瓷眼已有明显沟槽，正确的处置是","options":["调低纱线张力继续使用该导纱器","更换该导纱器并检查同路其他瓷眼","在瓷眼沟槽处缠胶带临时过渡","提高机速使纱线快速通过沟槽"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"知识点：导纱器瓷眼磨损对纱线损伤的影响。沟槽会刮伤纱线，必须更换并排查同路其他瓷眼。调低张力不能消除刮伤；缠胶带会造成摩擦不均和脱落风险；提高机速只会加剧断纱。","tier":"挑战"},{"id":113,"type":"single","stem":"在横机上进行收针操作时，若收针后边缘出现松弛的浮线且线圈不整齐，最直接的原因是","options":["收针时未将旧线圈正确翻到相邻织针","收针后牵拉张力设置过大","机头速度在收针段被调快","纱线线密度比工艺偏大"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：横机收针的线圈转移原理。收针需把旧线圈翻到相邻工作针上，翻针不到位或漏翻就形成浮线。牵拉过大会使边缘过紧而非松弛；机头速度影响冲击但不直接产生浮线；纱线偏大主要影响密度。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":114,"type":"single","stem":"圆机编织添纱组织时，地纱和面纱的垫纱位置关系应为","options":["面纱靠近针背、地纱靠近针钩","地纱靠近针背、面纱靠近针钩","两纱在同一高度并列垫入","面纱垫在针钩外侧、地纱垫在针钩内侧"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"知识点：添纱组织的垫纱位置。地纱靠针背、面纱靠针钩，才能保证面纱覆盖在织物正面。面纱靠针背会露地纱；两纱同高并列易混纱；面纱垫在针钩外侧无法正常成圈。","tier":"基础"},{"id":115,"type":"single","stem":"圆机编织过程中突然出现大面积漏针且集中在某一区段，检查该区段沉降片发现部分沉降片不能复位，正确的处置是","options":["提高该区段纱线张力补偿","停机清理或更换不能复位的沉降片","降低机速继续生产并观察","调整卷布张力使布面拉紧"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"知识点：沉降片复位与漏针的关系。沉降片不能复位会失去压圈和脱圈作用，必须停机清理或更换。提高张力、降速生产、调卷布张力都不能恢复沉降片动作，会持续漏针。","tier":"挑战"},{"id":116,"type":"single","stem":"在圆机上编织双罗纹组织时，上下针盘针与针筒针的配置关系是","options":["上下织针一一对应、同路同吃纱","上下织针一一对应、同路分别吃纱","上下织针交错配置、同路同吃纱","上下织针交错配置、同路分别吃纱"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"知识点：双罗纹（棉毛）组织配置。上下针一一对应且同路分别吃纱，形成两根纱交替成圈。一一对应同吃纱无法形成双罗纹；交错配置是罗纹类而非双罗纹的基本关系。","tier":"基础"},{"id":117,"type":"single","stem":"针织圆机在生产过程中，若某一路导纱器位置比标准偏左，最可能出现的问题是","options":["该路纱线垫不到针钩而漏针","该路纱线张力自动增大","卷布张力自动减小","该路沉降片无法复位"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：导纱器位置与垫纱准确性。导纱器偏左会使纱线偏离针钩正常垫纱位置，导致漏针。导纱器位置不直接改变张力、卷布张力或沉降片复位。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":118,"type":"multi","stem":"针织圆机更换品种后试织，发现布面出现稀路（纵向密度不均），下列检查和调整方向中合理的有","options":["核对各路纱线张力是否一致","检查各路弯纱三角深度是否一致","检查针筒与针盘间隙是否均匀","检查卷布辊表面温度是否升高","检查导纱器瓷眼是否全部为新件"],"answer":[0,1,2],"explanation":"知识点：稀路的成因与排查。稀路多因各路纱线张力、弯纱三角深度、针筒针盘间隙不一致造成，需逐项核对。卷布辊温度与稀路无直接关系；瓷眼新旧不决定纵向密度，只影响纱线损伤。","tier":"挑战"},{"id":119,"type":"single","stem":"针织圆机在编织单面平纹坯布时，若弯纱三角（成圈三角）位置调得过深，坯布会出现哪种主要疵点？","options":["漏针","花针","破洞","稀路"],"answer":[2],"explanation":"弯纱三角过深会使织针下降过多，纱线张力剧增，易造成纱线断裂形成破洞。漏针多因针舌未打开或纱未垫入；花针多因织针或三角磨损使旧线圈未脱圈；稀路多因弯纱三角过浅导致线圈长度偏大。","tier":"基础"},{"id":120,"type":"single","stem":"横机编织罗纹坯布时，前针床与后针床的织针交替出针，其主要作用是使织物形成什么结构？","options":["单面平纹","双面罗纹","提花组织","毛圈组织"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"前后针床交替出针使正反线圈纵行相间配置，形成双面罗纹结构。单面平纹由单一针床成圈；提花需选针装置控制；毛圈需毛圈沉降片或特殊纱线配置。","tier":"基础"},{"id":121,"type":"single","stem":"针织圆机编织过程中发现坯布横向出现周期性稀密不匀的横条，最应优先检查的部位是？","options":["纱架张力器","卷布辊齿轮","弯纱三角磨损","针筒转速"],"answer":[2],"explanation":"周期性横条多因弯纱三角磨损或松动导致线圈长度周期性变化。纱架张力器异常造成无规律张力波动；卷布辊齿轮影响牵拉均匀性但多呈纵向；针筒转速与横条周期无直接对应。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":122,"type":"single","stem":"在针织圆机上更换不同旦数的纱线后，为保证线圈长度一致，通常应首先调整哪个部件？","options":["织针型号","弯纱三角位置","针筒直径","卷布张力"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"不同旦数纱线直径变化，需通过调整弯纱三角位置改变弯纱深度以稳定线圈长度。织针型号由机号决定不宜随意更换；针筒直径固定；卷布张力影响牵拉但不直接决定线圈长度。","tier":"基础"},{"id":123,"type":"single","stem":"横机编织时出现漏针，经检查针舌灵活、纱线正常，最可能的原因是？","options":["起针梳拉力过大","纱嘴位置偏高","弯纱三角过深","牵拉梳未安装"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"纱嘴位置偏高使纱线未能正确垫入针钩，导致漏针。起针梳拉力过大易造成断纱或破洞；弯纱三角过深造成破洞；牵拉梳未安装主要影响起口脱圈而非漏针。","tier":"基础"},{"id":124,"type":"single","stem":"针织圆机编织添纱组织时，地纱与面纱的垫纱角度应满足什么关系才能保证面纱覆盖地纱？","options":["面纱垫纱角小于地纱","面纱垫纱角大于地纱","两面纱垫纱角相同","地纱垫纱角为零"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"添纱组织中面纱垫纱角较小、位置较低，使其在织物正面覆盖地纱。若面纱垫纱角大于地纱则地纱浮在表面；两纱角度相同会混织；地纱垫纱角为零不成立。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":125,"type":"single","stem":"针织圆机在生产氨纶弹力坯布时，氨纶丝喂入张力突然增大，坯布最可能出现什么变化？","options":["幅宽变宽","克重下降","弹性下降","线圈密度增大"],"answer":[2],"explanation":"氨纶喂入张力增大使其预牵伸减小，成布后回缩能力降低，弹性下降。幅宽会变窄而非变宽；克重可能上升；线圈密度与氨纶张力无直接增大关系。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":126,"type":"single","stem":"横机编织收放针时，若放针速度过快且牵拉不足，织物边缘容易出现什么缺陷？","options":["卷边","破洞","漏针","稀路"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"放针过快且牵拉不足时边缘线圈张力不均，织物边缘易卷边。破洞多因纱线张力过大断裂；漏针因纱未垫入；稀路因弯纱过浅。","tier":"基础"},{"id":127,"type":"single","stem":"针织圆机针筒与针盘配合编织双面织物时，若针盘高度偏低，最可能造成什么后果？","options":["织针碰撞","纱线张力减小","坯布幅宽增大","线圈长度变短"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"针盘高度偏低使针盘织针与针筒织针运动轨迹干涉，易发生织针碰撞。张力、幅宽、线圈长度变化不是针盘高度偏低的主要直接后果。","tier":"基础"},{"id":128,"type":"single","stem":"某针织企业圆机操作工在换纱后未重新调整张力，直接开机生产，坯布出现纵向条纹。正确的下一步处置应是？","options":["继续生产待稳定","停机调整张力后试织","提高机速消除条纹","更换全部织针"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"换纱后纱线张力变化导致纵向条纹，应立即停机调整张力并试织确认。继续生产会扩大疵布；提高机速不能消除张力差异；更换全部织针成本高且非对症。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":129,"type":"single","stem":"横机操作工在编织提花组织时发现部分选针器不动作，但手动测试选针器正常，最可能的原因是？","options":["选针器电源断路","花型程序数据错误","针床温度过高","纱线张力过大"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"手动测试正常说明选针器硬件无故障，问题多在花型程序数据错误导致该选针器未被驱动。电源断路会使手动测试也不动作；针床温度、纱线张力不影响选针信号。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":130,"type":"single","stem":"针织圆机在编织单面平纹汗布时，若弯纱三角（成圈三角）位置过低，最可能出现的问题是","options":["线圈长度增大，坯布变稀薄","线圈长度减小，坯布变厚实","旧线圈退圈不足，出现漏针","针盘与针筒间隙异常导致撞针"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"弯纱三角位置决定织针下降深度，位置过低使织针下降更多、弯纱深度加大，线圈长度减小，坯布克重增加、变厚实。A项方向相反，位置过低不会使线圈变长；C项退圈不足由退圈三角或退圈圆盘位置不当造成，与弯纱三角过低无直接关系；D项撞针由针筒针盘间隙或同心度问题引起，与弯纱三角高度无直接因果。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":131,"type":"single","stem":"横机编织罗纹起底时，前后针床针踵在起口梳栉上交替吃纱，若起底梳栉横移量设置偏小，直接后果是","options":["起口纱张力过大造成断纱","起底线圈相互串套形成漏针","起口边缘出现浮线或脱散","前后针床针踵发生碰撞"],"answer":[2],"explanation":"起底梳栉横移量不足时，纱线不能在前后针床针踵间形成完整交替垫纱，起口边缘会留下未成圈的浮线，受力后易脱散。A项张力过大与横移量偏小无必然联系，张力由张力器调节；B项漏针是成圈过程旧线圈未脱圈或新纱未垫入造成，不是起底横移量的问题；D项针踵碰撞由针床间距或同步相位错误引起，与梳栉横移量无关。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":132,"type":"single","stem":"针织圆机编织双面棉毛布时，针盘针与针筒针的吃纱顺序由三角排列决定，若针盘三角与针筒三角的相对相位调错，最典型的坯布缺陷是","options":["布面出现纵向条纹","布面出现横向色档","布面出现集圈或浮线","布面出现破洞"],"answer":[2],"explanation":"针盘针与针筒针相位错乱会使两针床织针的垫纱、弯纱时机不匹配，部分织针未正常成圈，形成集圈或浮线。A项纵向条纹多由针筒某一路三角磨损或织针不良产生；B项横向色档与纱线批次或张力波动有关；D项破洞通常是成圈三角严重磨损或织针断裂造成，与相位错乱无直接对应。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":133,"type":"single","stem":"针织圆机运行中某一路导纱器位置偏高，纱线垫入针钩的位置偏向针钩上方，最容易产生的织疵是","options":["漏针","花针","破洞","稀路"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"导纱器偏高使纱线未落入针钩内，织针上升退圈后针钩勾不到新纱，旧线圈脱出形成漏针。B项花针是旧线圈未退圈或新纱垫入位置不当造成线圈结构紊乱，与导纱器偏高不完全对应；C项破洞是成圈三角或织针严重损坏所致；D项稀路是某路弯纱深度偏小导致线圈偏长，与导纱器高度无直接关系。","tier":"基础"},{"id":134,"type":"single","stem":"横机编织提花组织时，不参加编织的织针需要保持旧线圈不脱圈，若选针机构未将该针压住而使其进入成圈区，后果是","options":["该针旧线圈脱圈形成破洞","该针编织出新线圈破坏提花图案","该针浮线被拉长形成长浮线","该针与相邻针发生撞针"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"提花组织中不参加编织的针应保持在退圈前位置，若未被压住而进入成圈区，会垫入新纱并成圈，破坏提花图案。A项脱圈破洞是该针本应成圈却未成圈时发生；C项长浮线是不参加编织的针未被垫纱但相邻针成圈时纱线跨越造成；D项撞针与选针机构压针动作无直接关联。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":135,"type":"single","stem":"针织圆机生产涤棉混纺汗布时，车间相对湿度过低，最易引发的织造异常是","options":["纱线毛羽增加，织针磨损加快","纱线强力下降，断纱增多","坯布克重偏大，手感发硬","纱线回潮率升高，造成横档"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"相对湿度过低时涤棉纱线毛羽增多、纤维飞散，织针与纱线摩擦加重，织针磨损加快。B项湿度过低时棉纤维回潮率下降、强力通常略降，但涤棉混纺中涤纶占比较大，断纱增多的主因不是湿度低；C项克重偏大与湿度低无直接关系；D项回潮率升高是湿度偏高时的现象，方向相反。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":136,"type":"single","stem":"针织圆机在编织添纱组织时，地纱与添纱的垫纱角度需要保持地纱靠近针背、添纱靠近针钩，若两者垫纱角度颠倒，布面会出现","options":["添纱反包，正面显露地纱","添纱完全覆盖地纱","地纱与添纱交替显露形成横条","添纱断裂形成破洞"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"添纱组织要求添纱始终位于地纱之上（靠近针钩），若垫纱角度颠倒，添纱会被地纱反包，正面显露地纱，失去添纱效果。B项添纱完全覆盖地纱是垫纱角度正确的正常状态；C项交替显露横条是垫纱角度不稳定或导纱器位置波动造成，不是颠倒的必然结果；D项添纱断裂与垫纱角度颠倒无直接因果。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":137,"type":"single","stem":"横机在编织嵌花组织时，不同颜色纱线在换色点需要相互交叉锁边，若换色点未做锁边处理，成衣穿着后最易出现","options":["换色点处线圈脱散形成破洞","换色点处颜色相互渗透","换色点处出现浮线","换色点处织物卷边"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"嵌花组织换色点若未做锁边（交叉或缠绕）处理，两种色纱的线圈边缘未相互固定，穿着受力后线圈易脱散形成破洞。B项颜色渗透是纱线染色牢度或编织密度问题；C项浮线是纱线跨越未参加编织区域造成，与换色点锁边无直接对应；D项卷边与织物组织结构及后整理有关，不是换色点锁边缺失的典型后果。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":138,"type":"multi","stem":"针织圆机在生产过程中出现坯布纵向连续漏针，下列排查方向中合理的有","options":["检查该路导纱器高度是否偏高","检查该路织针是否弯钩或针舌失灵","检查该路弯纱三角是否磨损","检查卷布辊张力是否偏大","检查车间温湿度是否偏高"],"answer":[0,1,2],"explanation":"纵向连续漏针说明某一特定路或特定针位持续异常。导纱器偏高使纱线未垫入针钩会漏针；织针弯钩或针舌失灵无法正常成圈会漏针；弯纱三角磨损使弯纱深度不足也会漏针。D项卷布张力偏大影响整体牵拉，通常造成线圈变形或断纱，不产生单路纵向漏针；E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复变形针钩，反而加剧断纱。","tier":"挑战"},{"id":158,"type":"multi","stem":"针织圆机在编织过程中出现破洞疵点，下列属于可能原因的有","options":["织针针踵磨损导致三角撞击","纱线强力不足或存在粗节弱节","牵拉张力过大造成线圈断裂","导纱器垫纱位置偏浅","车间照明亮度不足"],"answer":[0,1,2],"explanation":"知识点：破洞疵点的多因素成因分析。针踵磨损会使织针运动轨迹异常撞击三角造成破洞；纱线强力不足或弱节处易断裂；牵拉张力过大使线圈被拉断，三者均为破洞成因，故正确。导纱器垫纱偏浅主要造成漏针而非破洞；照明不足影响操作观察，不直接产生破洞。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":159,"type":"single","stem":"针织圆机在编织单面平纹坯布时，若发现布面出现规律性横条阴影，最应优先检查的部位是","options":["针筒内沉降片三角的磨损情况","氨纶送纱器的牵伸比设定","卷布机构的张力控制参数","主电机的皮带松紧程度"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"知识点：单面平纹横条阴影多与送纱量周期性波动有关。正确项：氨纶送纱器牵伸比不稳会造成横向密度周期变化，形成阴影。错误项：沉降片三角磨损主要影响线圈形态而非周期性横条；卷布张力主要影响纵向密度均匀性；主电机皮带松紧影响整体转速而非周期性横条。","tier":"挑战"},{"id":160,"type":"single","stem":"横机编织罗纹坯布时，下机后坯布出现边缘向正面卷边，正确的工艺调整方向是","options":["增加起口梳栉的抽拉张力","降低牵拉辊的牵拉速度","减小弯纱深度使线圈变紧","改用更粗的纱线支数"],"answer":[2],"explanation":"知识点：罗纹组织卷边由线圈内应力不平衡引起。正确项：减小弯纱深度使线圈变紧可增大织物密度，降低卷边趋势。错误项：增加起口张力主要影响起口平整度；降低牵拉速度影响下机牵拉连续性；改粗纱线会放大卷边倾向。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":161,"type":"single","stem":"针织圆机更换品种后，首件坯布出现持续漏针，而针筒、织针均为新件，最可能的工艺原因是","options":["纱线张力过小导致纱线未进入针钩","沉降片三角安装角度偏大","卷布张力过大拉断旧线圈","针盘与针筒的同心度超差"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：漏针多因退圈时纱线未可靠进入针钩。正确项：纱线张力过小，退圈时纱线松弛，针钩未勾住纱线形成漏针。错误项：沉降片三角角度偏大影响线圈握持；卷布张力过大造成断纱而非漏针；同心度超差会引起撞针而非单纯漏针。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":162,"type":"single","stem":"针织横机编织提花组织时，若发现浮线过长且易勾丝，较合理的工艺处置是","options":["增加浮线所在行的牵拉力","减少不参与编织的织针数","在浮线中间加接色纱并编织","提高机头运行速度以缩短浮线"],"answer":[2],"explanation":"知识点：提花浮线过长易勾丝。正确项：在浮线中间加接色纱并编织可将长浮线分段固定，减少勾丝。错误项：增加牵拉力不能缩短浮线长度；减少不参与编织的织针数会改变花型；提高机头速度不能解决浮线过长问题。","tier":"挑战"},{"id":163,"type":"single","stem":"针织圆机在正常编织中突然出现大面积断纱，操作工首先应做的是","options":["立即停机并检查纱线通道及张力装置","继续运行观察断纱是否自动恢复","调整卷布张力后重新启动","更换全部织针后再开机"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：大面积断纱属于异常工况，需先停机排查。正确项：立即停机并检查纱线通道及张力装置，防止织针损坏和坯布报废。错误项：继续运行会扩大断针和破洞；调整卷布张力与断纱无直接因果；更换全部织针属于过度处置且未查根因。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":164,"type":"single","stem":"针织横机编织时，若发现织物下机后纵向密度明显大于上机设定值，较可能的直接原因是","options":["牵拉张力偏大导致线圈被拉长","弯纱深度偏小使线圈长度偏短","机头速度偏慢使纱线回弹增加","起口梳栉抽拉力偏小"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"知识点：弯纱深度决定线圈长度，进而影响纵向密度。正确项：弯纱深度偏小，线圈长度偏短，纵向密度增大。错误项：牵拉张力偏大会使线圈拉长、密度减小；机头速度偏慢主要影响效率；起口梳栉抽拉力偏小影响起口而非整体密度。","tier":"挑战"},{"id":165,"type":"single","stem":"针织圆机编织双面罗纹时，针盘针与针筒针的相对位置应保证","options":["针盘针与针筒针在同一垂直平面内交叉","针盘针与针筒针错开半个针距以形成罗纹","针盘针与针筒针完全对齐以方便退圈","针盘针与针筒针错开一个针距以形成集圈"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"知识点：双面罗纹要求针盘针与针筒针错开半个针距，使正反面线圈纵行相间排列。正确项：错开半个针距是罗纹组织形成的基本条件。错误项：同一平面交叉会撞针；完全对齐形成双反面或平针；错开一个针距不是罗纹的正常配置。","tier":"基础"},{"id":166,"type":"single","stem":"针织圆机在编织过程中发现坯布表面有规律性油针，最可能的原因是","options":["织针针钩磨损造成纱线毛羽","加油量过大或加油位置不当","纱线捻度偏低造成退圈不匀","卷布张力周期性波动"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"知识点：规律性油针多与润滑系统有关。正确项：加油量过大或加油位置不当，润滑油沿针槽周期性带出污染坯布。错误项：针钩磨损造成毛羽而非油污；捻度偏低影响线圈歪斜；卷布张力波动影响密度而非油污。","tier":"挑战"},{"id":167,"type":"single","stem":"针织横机编织嵌花组织时，不同色纱在换色点出现明显破洞，较合理的处置是","options":["提高机头运行速度减少换色停顿","在换色点增加集圈或加接纱线","降低牵拉张力使换色更顺畅","更换更细的织针以减少阻力"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"知识点：嵌花换色点因纱线交接不牢易破洞。正确项：在换色点增加集圈或加接纱线可加固交接处。错误项：提高机头速度会加剧交接不良；降低牵拉张力不解决交接强度；更换更细织针与交接牢度无关。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":168,"type":"single","stem":"针织圆机编织时，若发现坯布横向密度忽大忽小且无明显规律，最应先排查的是","options":["纱线张力盘是否夹持异物","针筒是否周期性摆动","卷布辊是否偏心","织针是否周期性磨损"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：无规律横向密度波动多与送纱张力不稳定有关。正确项：张力盘夹持异物会造成张力随机波动，导致横向密度不匀。错误项：针筒周期性摆动会造成规律性横条；卷布辊偏心造成规律性纵条；织针周期性磨损造成规律性漏针。","tier":"挑战"},{"id":169,"type":"single","stem":"针织横机在编织过程突然出现机头卡滞并伴有异响，正确的第一步处置是","options":["立即停机并手动盘车检查卡滞部位","继续运行让机头自动越过卡滞","加大牵拉张力强行拉动机头","关闭报警后重新启动机头"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：机头卡滞需先停机排查，防止损坏织针和导轨。正确项：立即停机并手动盘车检查卡滞部位，确认原因后再处理。错误项：继续运行会扩大损伤；加大牵拉张力会加剧卡滞；关闭报警重启属于规避保护，风险更大。","tier":"挑战"},{"id":170,"type":"multi","stem":"针织圆机在编织过程中出现破洞，下列处置措施中合理的有","options":["停机检查该路织针是否弯钩或断针","检查该路纱线是否存在粗节或杂质","适当降低该路纱线张力后继续观察","直接剪断该路纱线让机器继续运行","提高机头转速以快速通过破洞位置"],"answer":[0,1,2],"explanation":"知识点：破洞排查应先查织针和纱线，再调整张力观察。正确项：检查织针、检查纱线粗节杂质、适当降低张力观察均为合理排查处置。错误项：直接剪断纱线会让该路停止编织造成大面积漏针；提高转速会扩大破洞并可能撞针。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":171,"type":"single","stem":"针织圆机上机时，若纱线张力过大且持续运行，最可能引发的织疵是","options":["漏针","花针","破洞","稀路"],"answer":[2],"explanation":"知识点：圆机纱线张力与织疵关系。张力过大会使纱线在成圈过程中被拉断，造成破洞。漏针多因针舌未打开或纱线未垫入；花针多因纱线未按规律垫入或针损坏；稀路多因纱线线密度或弯纱深度差异。","tier":"基础"},{"id":172,"type":"single","stem":"横机编织时出现“塌边”现象，通常应优先检查","options":["起针梳是否过宽","牵拉张力是否过小","机头速度是否过快","纱线捻度是否过高"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"知识点：横机牵拉与塌边。塌边是织物边缘因牵拉不足而回缩脱圈，优先检查牵拉张力是否过小。起针梳过宽、机头速度过快、纱线捻度过高均可能影响编织，但不是塌边的首要原因。","tier":"基础"},{"id":173,"type":"single","stem":"针织圆机在正常编织中突然出现连续漏针，现场最应先做的处置是","options":["立即降低机速继续观察","停机检查织针与沉降片","更换全部纱线","调大弯纱深度"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"知识点：圆机异常处置程序。连续漏针通常与织针或沉降片状态有关，应先停机检查。降低机速继续观察可能扩大疵布；更换全部纱线成本高且非对症；调大弯纱深度可能加重问题。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":174,"type":"single","stem":"关于针织圆机弯纱深度对坯布克重的影响，下列描述正确的是","options":["弯纱深度越大，线圈长度越长，克重越低","弯纱深度越大，线圈长度越短，克重越高","弯纱深度越小，线圈长度越长，克重越低","弯纱深度越小，线圈长度越短，克重越高"],"answer":[3],"explanation":"知识点：弯纱深度与线圈长度、克重关系。弯纱深度越小，旧线圈脱圈时新线圈被拉得越短，线圈长度越短，单位面积克重越高。其余选项将弯纱深度与线圈长度的对应关系写反。","tier":"基础"},{"id":175,"type":"single","stem":"横机编织罗纹时，若前针床与后针床的弯纱深度不一致，最可能出现的现象是","options":["罗纹歪斜","布面横条","线圈纵行错位","边部卷边加重"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：横机双针床弯纱一致性。前后针床弯纱深度不一致会导致两侧线圈长度不等，罗纹外观歪斜。布面横条多与纱线或送纱有关；纵行错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:["适当增加牵拉卷取张力","在布边处编织较紧密的边组织","降低针筒转速以减小张力波动","在布边加装扩布装置","将各路弯纱深度调至最深"],"answer":[0,1,3],"explanation":"卷边主要由边缘线圈内应力不平衡引起，增加牵拉卷取张力、设置较紧的边组织、加装扩布装置都有助于展平布边。降低针筒转速只改变速度，不改变边缘应力状态；弯纱深度调至最深会使线圈过大、布面松浮，反而可能加重卷边。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":284,"type":"single","stem":"舌针针织圆机成圈过程中，旧线圈脱圈后新纱线形成新线圈所依赖的针舌动作是","options":["针舌被旧线圈推开后靠纱线张力关闭","针舌始终由弹簧强制关闭","针舌由三角轨道机械压开和关闭","针舌靠气流吹动完成开闭"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：舌针成圈时针舌由旧线圈相对运动推开，新线圈形成后靠纱线张力使针舌关闭。A正确描述了舌针自作用开闭原理。B错在舌针无弹簧复位结构。C错在针舌开闭由纱线带动而非三角直接压舌。D错在舌针开闭不依靠气流。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":285,"type":"single","stem":"针织圆机编织时出现规律性纵向漏针（同一针道连续缺纱），最应先检查的部位是","options":["该路纱线张力器是否夹持过紧","该枚织针针舌是否变形或针钩损伤","卷布辊牵拉张力是否偏大","主传动皮带是否打滑"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"知识点：规律性单针道漏针指向该枚织针本身缺陷。B正确，针舌变形或针钩损伤会使该针无法正常成圈。A错在张力过紧通常造成断纱而非单针规律漏针。C错在牵拉偏大影响整幅而非单针道。D错在传动打滑造成全局性花针而非单针规律缺纱。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":286,"type":"single","stem":"横机编织罗纹时，前床针与后床针交替出针，若前后针床针位对位偏移半个针距，坯布会出现","options":["罗纹纵行歪斜错位","布面横向密度增大","线圈长度明显变短","坯布幅宽突然变宽"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：横机罗纹要求前后针床针位精确对位。A正确，对位偏移会使前后线圈错位，纵行歪斜。B错在密度由弯纱深度决定，与对位无关。C错在线圈长度由弯纱三角控制。D错在幅宽取决于针数与牵拉，不因针位偏移而突然变宽。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":287,"type":"single","stem":"针织圆机弯纱深度加大时，对坯布克重和线圈长度的影响是","options":["线圈长度增大，克重下降","线圈长度减小，克重上升","线圈长度增大，克重上升","线圈长度减小，克重下降"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"知识点：弯纱深度决定线圈长度，弯纱越深线圈越长。B正确，弯纱深度加大通常指纱线被拉入更多使线圈变短？实际弯纱深度加大线圈长度增大。此处按工艺定义弯纱深度增大线圈变长克重下降，故A更符合。但题目设定需唯一，标准工艺中弯纱三角下压深度增大使线圈长度增大克重降低。答案为A。","tier":"基础"},{"id":288,"type":"single","stem":"针织圆机编织提花组织时，选针器不动作导致某一路始终不选针，坯布上表现为","options":["该路形成连续浮线","该路全部针出针形成平针","该路间隔出针形成集圈","该路形成缺纱破洞"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"知识点：选针器不动作时该路所有针被选中出针。B正确，全部针出针形成平针横列。A错在浮线由不选针且不喂纱形成，此处仍喂纱。C错在集圈需部分针不退圈。D错在缺纱破洞源于断纱而非选针失效。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":289,"type":"single","stem":"针织圆机运转中纱线张力突然增大并伴随断纱，最先应排查的部件是","options":["卷布卷取张力是否过大","纱线张力器是否被飞花堵塞","针筒转速是否过高","主电机电流是否超标"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"知识点：张力突然增大常因张力器通道被飞花或纱结堵塞。B正确，堵塞使纱线受阻张力骤增。A错在卷取张力影响牵拉不直接造成送纱侧张力突增。C错在转速影响整体张力但不会突然增大。D错在主电机电流是结果不是先查部位。","tier":"挑战"},{"id":290,"type":"single","stem":"横机编织全成型毛衫时，前片与后片在肩部需缝合，若采用局部编织直接收针成型，收针位置偏移会导致","options":["肩斜角度与设计不符","袖窿尺寸变大","领口横列数减少","下摆罗纹密度变松"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：局部编织收针位置决定肩斜角度。A正确，收针位置偏移使肩斜角度与设计不符。B错在袖窿尺寸由袖窿收针决定而非肩部。C错在领口横列由领口工艺决定。D错在下摆罗纹密度由弯纱和牵拉决定。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":291,"type":"single","stem":"针织圆机编织时操作工发现针筒某处温度异常升高并伴有金属摩擦声，正确的下一步处置是","options":["继续观察一小时后停机检查","立即停机检查该处织针与针槽","加大润滑油流量后继续运行","提高机速让摩擦声消失"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"知识点：局部温升加摩擦声提示织针或针槽异常摩擦，需立即停机。B正确，避免织针断裂损坏针筒。A错在继续运行会扩大损伤。C错在加大油量不能消除机械故障。D错在提高机速加剧磨损。","tier":"挑战"},{"id":292,"type":"single","stem":"针织圆机编织氨纶弹力坯布时，氨纶丝喂入张力应","options":["与主纱张力相同","小于主纱张力","大于主纱张力","随主纱张力同步波动"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"知识点：氨纶丝需在低张力下喂入以保证弹性回复。B正确，氨纶张力通常小于主纱。A错在相同张力会使氨纶过度拉伸。C错在过大张力限制弹性。D错在同步波动使弹性不匀。","tier":"基础"},{"id":293,"type":"single","stem":"针织圆机在编织单面平纹坯布时，若卷布张力突然增大，最可能直接引起的织物疵点是","options":["漏针","横条","破洞","花针"],"answer":[2],"explanation":"知识点：圆机卷布张力与织物疵点的对应关系。卷布张力突然增大，会拉断正在成圈的纱线，最直接产生破洞。漏针多因织针未吃到纱线或针舌未打开；横条多因送纱量或张力长期波动；花针多因织针针钩或针舌损伤造成个别纵行线圈异常。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":294,"type":"single","stem":"横机编织罗纹坯布时，前床针和后床针交替出针，若发现布面两侧边部线圈明显松于中间，首先应检查的是","options":["起底板高度","边纱张力装置","主牵拉梳齿密度","机头往返速度"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"知识点：横机边部线圈松弛的常见原因。边纱张力装置控制边部纱线输入阻力，边纱张力过小会使边部线圈松于中间。起底板高度影响整体起口，主牵拉梳齿密度影响整体牵拉，机头速度影响效率而非边中差异。","tier":"挑战"},{"id":295,"type":"single","stem":"针织圆机编织时出现规律性纵条，每隔固定路数重复一条，最可能的原因是","options":["某一路导纱器位置偏移","总送纱张力偏大","卷布速度偏慢","车间湿度偏高"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：规律性纵条与路数的对应关系。纵条按固定路数重复，说明问题出在对应那一路上，导纱器位置偏移会使该路线圈大小异常形成纵条。总送纱张力偏大影响整周均匀性；卷布速度偏慢影响整体密度；湿度偏高影响纱线回潮而非固定路数纵条。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":296,"type":"single","stem":"针织横机编织成形毛衫衣片时，需要在同一行内完成两边收针，操作工正确的做法是","options":["先收左边再收右边，分两次机头行程","按工艺单标记在同一行内用翻针和移圈完成两边收针","先织完该行再在下一行补收两边","只收一边，另一边留到下一行收"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"知识点：横机成形编织的收针工艺。衣片两边需在同一行对称收针，应利用翻针、移圈在对应针位一次完成，保证行数和外形对称。分两次行程会多出一行导致两边行数不等；下一行补收会形成阶梯；只收一边属于漏收。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":297,"type":"single","stem":"针织圆机编织提花坯布时，色纱在布面出现不规则混色，检查发现某一路导纱器纱线未进入正确针位，正确的处置是","options":["降低整机速度继续观察","停机校正该路导纱器位置并试织检查","加大送纱张力把纱线拉入针位","调低卷布张力后继续生产"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"知识点：提花色纱混色的处置程序。导纱器未进入正确针位属于机械定位问题，必须停机校正导纱器位置并试织确认。降速继续观察会持续产生疵布；加大送纱张力不能改变导纱器空间位置；调低卷布张力与导纱器定位无关。","tier":"挑战"},{"id":298,"type":"single","stem":"针织圆机使用的织针针钩磨损后，最典型的织物疵点是","options":["横条","花针","破洞","错花"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"知识点：织针磨损与疵点的对应。针钩磨损后无法稳定握住纱线，个别针位线圈时有时无，形成花针。横条多与送纱或张力波动有关；破洞多与张力突增或纱线强力不足有关；错花多与提花选针或花型程序有关。","tier":"基础"},{"id":299,"type":"single","stem":"针织圆机编织氨纶弹力坯布时，发现坯布下机后回缩过大、门幅偏窄，应优先检查的是","options":["氨纶送纱张力是否偏大","氨纶送纱张力是否偏小","卷布张力是否偏小","针筒转速是否偏慢"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"知识点：氨纶送纱张力与坯布回缩的关系。氨纶送纱张力偏小会使氨纶喂入量偏多，下机后回缩增大、门幅偏窄。张力偏大则回缩偏小、门幅偏宽。卷布张力偏小影响卷装外观；针筒转速偏慢影响产量，与回缩关系不大。","tier":"挑战"},{"id":300,"type":"single","stem":"针织横机编织完一段衣片后需要下机，操作工正确的下机顺序是","options":["先剪断纱线再松开牵拉梳","先松开牵拉梳再剪断纱线","先关主机电源再剪断纱线","先取下梳齿再剪断纱线"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：横机下机操作顺序。应先剪断纱线，再松开牵拉梳，防止松牵拉时纱线回弹使线圈脱散或衣片变形。先松牵拉会使布片失去约束而脱散；先关电源不影响纱线约束；先取梳齿同样会失去牵拉导致脱散。","tier":"基础"}]}