{"name":"小儿推拿师题库","level":"初级 / 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把“纯阳”误解为阳气绝对充盛，忽视小儿易虚易寒；C 据此推演出多用清热的错误治则；D 得出“无需补阳”的绝对结论，均偏离原意。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":242,"type":"single","stem":"小儿推拿“补脾经”的规范操作方向是","options":["拇指桡侧缘从指尖推向指根","拇指桡侧缘从指根推向指尖","拇指掌面从指根推向指尖","前臂桡侧从腕推向肘"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：脾经定位与补泻方向。正确项：补脾经为拇指桡侧缘自指尖推向指根。错误项：B 为清脾经方向；C 为脾经掌面定位错误；D 描述的是推三关方向。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":243,"type":"single","stem":"小儿推拿“清天河水”与“退六腑”均可用于发热，二者定位区别在于","options":["前者在前臂正中，后者在前臂尺侧","前者在前臂桡侧，后者在前臂尺侧","前者在前臂尺侧，后者在前臂正中","前者在前臂正中，后者在前臂桡侧"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：清热类穴位定位。正确项：天河水位于前臂正中，自腕横纹至肘横纹；六腑位于前臂尺侧，自肘推向腕。错误项：B 把天河水定到桡侧；C 把天河水与六腑位置颠倒；D 把六腑定到桡侧，均定位错误。","tier":"挑战"},{"id":244,"type":"single","stem":"小儿推拿操作中，“揉法”与“摩法”的主要区别是","options":["揉法带动皮下组织，摩法仅在体表环旋","揉法仅在体表环旋，摩法带动皮下组织","揉法用拇指，摩法用掌根","揉法顺时针，摩法逆时针"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：基本手法区别。正确项：揉法着力吸定并带动皮下组织，摩法仅在体表做环旋摩动。错误项：B 将二者特点互换；C 以施术部位区分错误，摩法也可用指；D 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等特定病症；肝常有余指肝气偏旺易惊风，属病理倾向而非首要观察点。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":272,"type":"single","stem":"推拿小儿脾经穴时，若患儿腹泻属虚寒证，操作方向应为","options":["向指根方向直推为补","向指尖方向直推为泻","先补后泻交替操作","顺时针旋推为清"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：脾经位于拇指桡侧缘，向指根方向直推为补法，向指尖方向直推为泻法，虚寒腹泻当用补法。错误项：向指尖直推为泻用于实热证；补泻交替无明确辨证依据；顺时针旋推为清是脾经另一种操作，用于清法不用于补虚。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":273,"type":"single","stem":"小儿推拿操作时，为避免损伤患儿皮肤，介质选用最恰当的是","options":["滑石粉用于风寒感冒","葱姜水用于实热证","爽身粉用于所有证型","薄荷水用于虚寒腹泻"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：滑石粉性凉润滑，适合风寒感冒时保护皮肤并助发散。错误项：葱姜水性温散寒，用于风寒而非实热；爽身粉含化学成分不宜常规替代推拿介质；薄荷水性凉，用于虚寒腹泻会加重寒证。","tier":"挑战"},{"id":274,"type":"single","stem":"患儿推拿后出现哭闹不安、面色发红、汗出较多，推拿师下一步正确的处置是","options":["继续完成剩余手法","立即停止操作并安抚观察","加大力度缩短时间","改用重刺激手法催汗"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"知识点：推拿中出现哭闹不安、面红汗多提示刺激过强或患儿不耐受，应立即停止并观察。错误项：继续操作会加重不适；加大力度更危险；重刺激催汗违背'汗出即止'的原则。","tier":"挑战"},{"id":275,"type":"single","stem":"小儿推拿中'运法'与'揉法'的主要区别在于","options":["运法力度轻缓呈环形","揉法力度重快呈直线","运法需带动皮下组织","揉法仅用于四肢穴位"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：运法力轻缓、呈环形移动，不带动皮下组织；揉法吸定于穴位带动皮下组织做旋转。错误项：揉法不是直线也不是重快；带动皮下组织是揉法特点；揉法全身穴位均可应用。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":276,"type":"single","stem":"小儿外感风寒初期，推拿选穴组合最恰当的是","options":["清天河水配退六腑","推三关配揉外劳宫","清脾经配清大肠","揉涌泉配清小肠"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"知识点：风寒表证宜温散，推三关性温可发汗解表，揉外劳宫温阳散寒。错误项：清天河水配退六腑为清热组合，用于风热或实热；清脾经清大肠用于食积湿热；揉涌泉清小肠为清利下焦之法。","tier":"挑战"},{"id":277,"type":"single","stem":"小儿捏脊操作的正确起止部位是","options":["从大椎捏至长强","从长强捏至大椎","从命门捏至至阳","从肾俞捏至肺俞"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"知识点：捏脊自下而上，从长强穴沿督脉捏至大椎穴。错误项：从上往下方向相反；命门至至阳仅为督脉中段，不完整；肾俞至肺俞为膀胱经旁穴，非捏脊常规路径。","tier":"基础"},{"id":278,"type":"single","stem":"小儿推拿禁忌证中，下列情况可以正常施术的是","options":["局部皮肤湿疹破溃","急性传染病发热期","轻度食欲不振无发热","骨折未愈合部位"],"answer":[2],"explanation":"知识点：轻度食欲不振属推拿适应证，无禁忌。错误项：皮肤破溃处禁推以免感染；急性传染病发热期不宜推拿；骨折未愈合部位禁止操作以防移位。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":279,"type":"single","stem":"小儿推拿操作时间安排上，一般每次总时长以多少为宜","options":["5至10分钟","10至20分钟","25至35分钟","40至50分钟"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"知识点：小儿推拿单次操作一般10至20分钟，视年龄和病情调整。错误项：5至10分钟偏短难以完成套路；25至35分钟过长易致患儿疲劳；40至50分钟明显超时，小儿难以耐受。","tier":"基础"},{"id":280,"type":"single","stem":"患儿咳嗽痰黄、咽红、发热有汗，推拿正确的手法是","options":["推三关配揉外劳宫","清肺经配清天河水","补脾经配揉丹田","揉肾俞配推三关"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"知识点：痰黄咽红有汗为风热犯肺，清肺经宣肺，清天河水清热。错误项：推三关揉外劳宫为温散法用于风寒；补脾经揉丹田用于脾肾虚证；揉肾俞推三关为温补法，不适用热证。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":281,"type":"single","stem":"小儿推拿操作中，若患儿出现面色苍白、大汗淋漓、精神萎靡，应首先采取的措施是","options":["立即停止推拿并让患儿平卧保暖","继续操作并加大手法力度","改用重刺激手法激发阳气","给予温开水后继续推拿"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点为推拿操作中的异常情况处置。面色苍白、大汗、萎靡提示可能发生晕厥或虚脱，应立即停止操作、平卧保暖并观察；继续操作会加重应激；重刺激手法会进一步耗气；喂水不能替代停止操作这一首要处置。","tier":"挑战"},{"id":282,"type":"single","stem":"小儿推拿中“运法”与“揉法”在操作要领上的主要区别是","options":["运法沿弧形或环形移动，揉法固定在穴位上回旋","运法力度重于揉法且需带动皮下组织","运法仅在腹部使用，揉法仅四肢使用","运法频率慢于揉法且不接触皮肤"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"运法是沿弧形或环形路线在体表移动操作，揉法是固定在穴位上做回旋揉动；运法力度通常轻于揉法；运法不限于腹部；运法同样接触皮肤且频率不以此为区别。","tier":"挑战"},{"id":283,"type":"single","stem":"小儿“纯阳之体”这一生理特点在推拿临床中最直接的指导意义是","options":["小儿患病易从热化，推拿慎用温补重手法","小儿阳气充足故可耐受大寒大热之剂","小儿生长发育迅速故推拿宜多用补法","小儿无七情所伤故推拿无需辨证"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"“纯阳之体”指小儿生长发育旺盛、患病易化热化火，故推拿应慎用温补重手法；并非说阳气充足可耐大寒大热；生长发育迅速不等于多用补法；小儿仍有情志因素且必须辨证。","tier":"挑战"},{"id":284,"type":"single","stem":"推拿治疗小儿外感风寒证时，常配合的特定穴操作是","options":["开天门、推坎宫、揉太阳","揉板门、清大肠、退六腑","补脾经、揉足三里、摩腹","清天河水、打马过天河、退六腑"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"外感风寒常取头面部解表三法即开天门、推坎宫、揉太阳以疏风解表；揉板门清大肠退六腑偏于清里热；补脾经揉足三里摩腹偏于健脾；清天河水打马过天河退六腑偏于清热退烧。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":285,"type":"single","stem":"关于小儿推拿“补脾经”与“清脾经”的方向描述，正确的是","options":["补脾经为旋推拇指桡侧缘，清脾经为直推拇指桡侧缘","补脾经为直推拇指桡侧缘，清脾经为旋推拇指桡侧缘","补脾经与清脾经均为直推，仅速度不同","补脾经推拇指尺侧缘，清脾经推拇指桡侧缘"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"脾经位于拇指桡侧缘，旋推为补、直推为清；反向描述错误；补清区别在操作方式而非仅速度；脾经定位在桡侧缘而非尺侧缘。","tier":"挑战"},{"id":286,"type":"single","stem":"小儿推拿操作时一般要求室内温度保持在","options":["20至22摄氏度","24至26摄氏度","28至30摄氏度","18至20摄氏度"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"小儿推拿要求环境温暖避风，一般以24至26摄氏度为宜；20至22摄氏度偏低易受凉；28至30摄氏度偏高易出汗；18至20摄氏度明显偏低不适合暴露操作。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":287,"type":"single","stem":"推拿介质中，用于小儿外感风寒、需要发汗解表时最常选用的介质是","options":["葱姜水","滑石粉","薄荷水","冬青膏"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"葱姜水辛温发散，适合风寒表证需发汗时使用；滑石粉主要用于润滑防擦伤；薄荷水偏辛凉多用于风热；冬青膏偏温通多用于软组织损伤或寒证关节痛，并非外感发汗首选。","tier":"挑战"},{"id":288,"type":"single","stem":"关于小儿推拿手法的基本要求，下列描述准确的是","options":["持久、有力、均匀、柔和、深透","快速、有力、局部、短暂、表浅","持久、轻快、均匀、柔和、深透","缓慢、沉重、均匀、持久、深透"],"answer":[2],"explanation":"小儿推拿手法要求持久、轻快、均匀、柔和、深透，因小儿肌肤娇嫩不宜重刺激；“有力”不符合小儿特点；“快速短暂表浅”与要求相反；“缓慢沉重”不符合轻快柔和原则。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":289,"type":"single","stem":"患儿腹泻属湿热泻，推拿时适宜的操作是","options":["清大肠、清小肠、退六腑","补大肠、推上七节骨、揉龟尾","补脾经、揉外劳宫、推三关","揉丹田、推上七节骨、补大肠"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"湿热泻治宜清热利湿，清大肠、清小肠、退六腑可清利湿热；补大肠推上七节骨揉龟尾偏于固涩止泻用于虚寒泻；补脾经揉外劳宫推三关偏温补；揉丹田推上七节骨补大肠亦偏温补固涩。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":290,"type":"single","stem":"小儿推拿的适宜年龄范围通常为","options":["出生至3周岁","出生至6周岁","出生至14周岁","3周岁至12周岁"],"answer":[2],"explanation":"小儿推拿通常适用于出生至14周岁的儿童，年龄越小效果越明显；仅限3周岁或6周岁过窄；3至12周岁则遗漏了婴幼儿阶段。","tier":"基础"},{"id":291,"type":"single","stem":"小儿推拿特定穴“脾经”位于","options":["拇指桡侧缘，由指尖至指根","拇指掌面，由指尖至指根","食指桡侧缘，由指尖至指根","无名指掌面，由指根至指尖"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"知识点：脾经定位。正确项为拇指掌面，由指尖至指根。错误项：A拇指桡侧缘是肺经定位；C食指桡侧缘为大肠经；D无名指掌面为肝经。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":292,"type":"single","stem":"清天河水与退六腑在性味功效上的主要区别是","options":["清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