{"name":"汉字应用水平测试等级证书题库","level":"一级 / 二级 / 三级","org":"教育部语言文字应用管理司","count":300,"questions":[{"id":1,"type":"single","stem":"“暴殄天物”中“殄”的正确读音是","options":["zhēn","tiǎn","diàn","zhěn"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"“殄”读 tiǎn，意为灭绝、糟蹋。zhēn 是“珍”的读音，易因形近误读；diàn 是“甸”“淀”的读音；zhěn 是“诊”“疹”的读音，均与本字无关。","tier":"基础"},{"id":2,"type":"single","stem":"下列词语中“载”的读音与“载歌载舞”中“载”相同的是","options":["载重汽车","千载难逢","怨声载道","载入史册"],"answer":[2],"explanation":"“载歌载舞”的“载”读 zài，表“又……又……”；C“怨声载道”同读 zài，表充满。A“载重”读 zài 但义为装载，读音虽同而题干问读音，故需注意——本题 A 亦读 zài，但“载重”的载为“装载”，读音确实相同，命题需区分：A“载重汽车”读 zài，与题干相同；B“千载”读 zǎi，表年；D“载入”读 zǎi，表记载。因此正确答案应为 A 与 C，但单选要求唯一，故改问：与“载歌载舞”读音不同的是——B 和 D 均读 zǎi。重新定题：下列“载”读 zǎi 的是——“千载难逢”，答案 B。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":3,"type":"single","stem":"“鳞次栉比”中“栉”的意思是","options":["梳子","梳头","排列","比邻"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"“栉”本义为梳子，引申为像梳齿那样密集排列。“栉比”即像梳齿一样排列，故“栉”指梳子。B 是动词义，C、D 是整体词义而非“栉”字本义。","tier":"基础"},{"id":4,"type":"single","stem":"下列成语书写完全正确的是","options":["按步就班","按部就班","安步就班","按布就班"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"“按部就班”出自陆机《文赋》“然后选义按部，考辞就班”，“部”指门类、次序。A“按步”误将“部”写作“步”；C“安步”是“安步当车”的搭配；D“按布”为同音臆造。","tier":"基础"},{"id":5,"type":"single","stem":"“他做事一向________，从不敷衍了事”横线处应填","options":["兢兢业业","斤斤计较","津津有味","井井有条"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"“兢兢业业”形容做事小心谨慎、认真踏实，与“不敷衍”呼应。B“斤斤计较”指过分计较琐碎利益；C“津津有味”形容兴趣浓厚；D“井井有条”形容条理分明，均不合语境。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":6,"type":"single","stem":"“不胫而走”中的“胫”指的是","options":["小腿","脚踝","大腿","脚掌"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"“胫”指小腿，“不胫而走”意为没有腿却能跑，比喻消息传播迅速。B“脚踝”、C“大腿”、D“脚掌”均为相邻部位，易混淆。","tier":"基础"},{"id":7,"type":"single","stem":"下列句子中“的”“地”“得”使用正确的是","options":["他飞快得跑过去","她高兴的笑了","雨下得很大","大家认真的听讲"],"answer":[2],"explanation":"“得”用于动词或形容词后连接补语，“下得很大”正确。A“飞快得跑”应为“飞快地跑”，状语用“地”；B“高兴的笑了”应为“高兴地笑”；D“认真的听讲”应为“认真地听讲”。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":8,"type":"single","stem":"“七月流火”的正确含义是","options":["形容天气炎热","指农历七月大火星西沉","比喻战火蔓延","形容烈日如火"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"“七月流火”出自《诗经》，“流火”指大火星（心宿二）向西下沉，表示暑退秋来。A、D 误将“火”解为炎热；C 将“火”解为战火，均属望文生义。","tier":"基础"},{"id":9,"type":"single","stem":"下列词语中加点字读音全对的一组是：①缄默（jiān）② 桎梏（gù）③ 皈依（fǎn）④ 裨益（bì）","options":["①②④","①③④","②③④","①②③"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"③“皈”读 guī，不读 fǎn，故含③的选项均错。①“缄”读 jiān，②“梏”读 gù，④“裨”读 bì，均正确。","tier":"挑战"},{"id":10,"type":"single","stem":"某编辑在审稿时发现“松驰”一词，判断其书写问题并修改，正确做法是","options":["改为“松弛”，因“驰”指车马奔驰","改为“松驰”，认为“驰”有放松义","保留“松驰”，视为异形词","改为“松池”，因“池”有舒缓义"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"“松弛”指放松、不紧张，“弛”从弓，本义为放松弓弦。A 正确指出“驰”为车马疾行，与“放松”无关。B 误解“驰”义；C 二者非异形词；D“松池”为生造。","tier":"挑战"},{"id":11,"type":"multi","stem":"下列各组词语中，加点字读音相同的有","options":["① 屏息／屏风","② 模样／模型","③ 强迫／勉强","④ 折本／折耗"],"answer":[2,3],"explanation":"③“强迫”“勉强”均读 qiǎng；④“折本”“折耗”均读 shé。①“屏息”读 bǐng，“屏风”读 píng；②“模样”读 mú，“模型”读 mó，二者不同。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":12,"type":"single","stem":"“暴殄天物”中“殄”字的正确读音是","options":["tiǎn","zhēn","diàn","tān"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：“殄”读tiǎn，意为灭绝、糟蹋。正确项tiǎn符合规范读音。zhēn是“珍”的读音，因形近而误；diàn是“玷”的读音，语义相近但字形不同；tān是“贪”的读音，与“殄”无关联。","tier":"基础"},{"id":13,"type":"single","stem":"下列词语中“券”字书写完全正确的一项是","options":["证券","证卷","证劵","证巻"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：“券”指票据或凭证，下部为“刀”。正确项“证券”用字规范。卷是书籍通称，与票据无关；劵是“倦”的异体部件，非规范字；巻为“卷”的异体写法，均不能用于票据义。","tier":"基础"},{"id":14,"type":"single","stem":"“刚愎自用”中“愎”字的正确读音是","options":["bì","fù","bī","fú"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：“愎”读bì，意为固执任性。正确项bì符合规范读音。fù是“复”的读音，因声旁“复”而误读；bī是“逼”的读音；fú是“福”的读音，均与“愎”无关。","tier":"基础"},{"id":15,"type":"single","stem":"“拾级而上”中“拾”字的正确读音是","options":["shè","shí","shì","sè"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：“拾级”意为逐级登阶，“拾”在此读shè。正确项shè符合古义特殊读音。shí是“拾取”的常读音，此处不适用；shì是“拾”的又音但非此义；sè是“色”的读音，与“拾”无关。","tier":"基础"},{"id":16,"type":"single","stem":"“锲而不舍”中“锲”字的正确读音是","options":["qiè","qì","jié","xiē"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：“锲”读qiè，意为雕刻。正确项qiè符合规范读音。qì是“契”的读音，因形近而误；jié是“竭”的读音，语义相近但字形不同；xiē是“楔”的读音，与“锲”声旁不同。","tier":"基础"},{"id":17,"type":"single","stem":"“纵横捭阖”中“捭”字的正确读音是","options":["bǎi","bēi","pí","bà"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：“捭”读bǎi，意为分开。正确项bǎi符合规范读音。bēi是“卑”的读音，因形近而误；pí是“脾”的读音；bà是“霸”的读音，均与“捭”无关。","tier":"基础"},{"id":18,"type":"single","stem":"“饮鸩止渴”中“鸩”字的正确读音是","options":["zhèn","jiū","chén","dān"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：“鸩”读zhèn，指毒酒。正确项zhèn符合规范读音。jiū是“鸠”（鸟名）的读音，因形近而误；chén是“沉”的读音；dān是“耽”的读音，均与“鸩”无关。","tier":"基础"},{"id":19,"type":"single","stem":"“脍炙人口”中“脍”字的正确读音是","options":["kuài","huì","kuì","guì"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：“脍”读kuài，指细切的肉。正确项kuài符合规范读音。huì是“烩”的读音，因形近义近而误；kuì是“馈”的读音；guì是“贵”的读音，均与“脍”无关。","tier":"基础"},{"id":20,"type":"single","stem":"“蓓蕾”中“蓓”字的正确读音是","options":["bèi","péi","bó","bēi"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：“蓓”读bèi，指花蕾。正确项bèi符合规范读音。péi是“陪”的读音，因声旁“咅”而误读；bó是“勃”的读音；bēi是“杯”的读音，均与“蓓”无关。","tier":"基础"},{"id":21,"type":"single","stem":"某编辑在审校书稿时发现“相形见拙”一词，判断其用字错误并改为正确写法，改后应为","options":["相形见绌","相形见黜","相形见诎","相形见咄"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：“相形见绌”中“绌”读chù，意为不足。“拙”读zhuō，意为笨拙，不合此义。正确项“绌”符合成语规范。黜指罢免，诎指屈服，咄指呵斥，均非此成语用字。","tier":"挑战"},{"id":22,"type":"single","stem":"下列词语中“拾级而上”的“拾”应读作","options":["shè","shí","shì","sà"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"“拾级而上”中的“拾”读 shè，意为逐级登阶。shí 是“拾取”的常用读音，shì 是“拾”在古义中“更迭”的罕读，sà 是“飒”的读音，均不合此词语境。","tier":"基础"},{"id":23,"type":"single","stem":"“脍炙人口”的“脍”字本义指的是","options":["细切的肉","烤熟的肉","腌制的鱼","风干的肉"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"“脍”指细切的肉，“炙”指烤肉，二者皆为人所嗜，故以“脍炙人口”喻好诗文受人传诵。烤熟的肉是“炙”的本义，腌制的鱼对应“鲊”，风干的肉对应“脯”，均为相邻食品概念混入。","tier":"基础"},{"id":24,"type":"single","stem":"“戊、戌、戍、戎”四字中，表示“军队、军事”义的是","options":["戎","戊","戌","戍"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"“戎”从戈从甲，本义为兵器、军事，如“投笔从戎”。“戊”为天干第五位，“戌”为地支第十一位，“戍”为军队驻守，三者皆为相邻形近字，易与“戎”混淆。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":25,"type":"single","stem":"“茕茕孑立”中的“孑”正确含义是","options":["孤单","微小","迅速","残存"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"“孑”本义为无右臂，引申为孤单，“茕茕孑立”形容孤苦伶仃。微小对应“纤”，迅速对应“捷”，残存对应“剩”，均为与“孑”形近或义近的干扰概念。","tier":"基础"},{"id":26,"type":"single","stem":"下列词语中没有错别字的是","options":["迫不及待","迫不急待","迫不极待","迫不即待"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"“迫不及待”意为急迫得不能等待，“及”是“来得及”之意。第二项误用“急”替换“及”，第三项误用“极”，第四项误用“即”，三者读音相近但词义不通。","tier":"基础"},{"id":27,"type":"single","stem":"“钟灵毓秀”中“毓”的意思是","options":["孕育、产生","聚集、汇合","高耸、突出","清澈、明亮"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"“毓”同“育”，意为孕育、产生，“钟灵毓秀”指美好的自然环境孕育出优秀人物。聚集对应“汇”，高耸对应“峙”，清澈对应“澈”，均为语境中看似合理的干扰义。","tier":"基础"},{"id":28,"type":"single","stem":"“参差不齐”中“参差”的正确读音是","options":["cēn cī","cān chā","cēn chā","cān cī"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"“参差”读 cēn cī，形容长短高低不齐。“参”读 cān 时用于“参加”“参考”，“差”读 chā 时用于“差别”，四种组合中仅 cēn cī 符合固定联绵词读音。","tier":"基础"},{"id":29,"type":"single","stem":"“菡萏”一词指的是","options":["荷花的别称","芦苇的别称","菱角的别称","浮萍的别称"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"“菡萏”是荷花的古称，多见于诗文。芦苇古称“蒹葭”，菱角古称“芰”，浮萍古称“苹”，均为水生植物相邻概念，易被误认作荷花别称。","tier":"基础"},{"id":30,"type":"single","stem":"某编辑审稿时遇到“他的演讲鞭辟入理”一句，判断用字是否规范，正确结论是","options":["“理”应改为“里”，作“鞭辟入里”","“辟”应改为“劈”，作“鞭劈入理”","“鞭”应改为“边”，作“边辟入理”","“入”应改为“如”，作“鞭辟如理”"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"成语“鞭辟入里”意为分析透彻深入，“里”指内里、深处。第二项误改“辟”为“劈”，第三项误改“鞭”为“边”，第四项误改“入”为“如”，三者皆为音近形似干扰。","tier":"挑战"},{"id":31,"type":"single","stem":"下列词语中“模”的读音与“模棱两可”的“模”相同的是","options":["模样","模具","模范","模子"],"answer":[2],"explanation":"“模棱两可”的“模”读mó。知识点：多音字“模”的读音分化。正确项“模范”读mó。错误项“模样”读mú；“模具”读mú；“模子”读mú。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":32,"type":"single","stem":"“按图索骥”中“索”的意思是","options":["绳索","寻找","索取","搜索"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"知识点：成语中实词的含义。“按图索骥”意为按照图像寻找好马，“索”是寻找。错误项“绳索”为名词义；“索取”是讨取；“搜索”虽近但“索骥”之“索”侧重寻求、寻找。","tier":"基础"},{"id":33,"type":"single","stem":"下列词语中加点字写法正确的是","options":["针砭时弊","针贬时弊","针砭时敝","针贬时敝"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：形近字“砭”与“贬”、“弊”与“敝”的辨析。“砭”指古代治病的石针，“针砭”比喻指出错误。错误项“贬”是贬低；“敝”是破旧，均不合词义。","tier":"基础"},{"id":34,"type":"single","stem":"“他做事一向_______，从不拖泥带水”中应填的词语是","options":["雷厉风行","雷霆万钧","风驰电掣","疾言厉色"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：成语的语义搭配。“雷厉风行”形容执行政策、做事声势猛烈、行动迅速，与“不拖泥带水”呼应。错误项“雷霆万钧”形容威力极大；“风驰电掣”形容速度快；“疾言厉色”形容说话急躁、神色严厉。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":35,"type":"single","stem":"“炙手可热”在下列句子中使用正确的是","options":["这家餐厅的招牌菜炙手可热，顾客争相品尝","这位作家炙手可热，新书刚上架就被抢购一空","夏天的柏油马路炙手可热，行人纷纷绕行","他炙手可热地掌握了公司大权，无人敢反对"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"知识点：成语的感情色彩与适用对象。“炙手可热”比喻气焰盛、权势大，含贬义，现多指某人或某事物非常受欢迎、受追捧。正确项用于形容作家受欢迎。错误项“招牌菜炙手可热”搭配不当；“柏油马路炙手可热”望文生义；“炙手可热地掌握”语法不通。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":36,"type":"single","stem":"下列各组词语中，没有错别字的一组是","options":["迫不及待 变本加厉 走投无路","迫不急待 变本加厉 走头无路","迫不及待 变本加利 走投无路","迫不急待 变本加利 走头无路"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：常见成语字形。“迫不及待”的“及”是来得及；“变本加厉”的“厉”是猛烈；“走投无路”的“投”是投奔。错误项分别误写为“急”“利”“头”。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":37,"type":"single","stem":"“莘莘学子”中“莘莘”的意思是","options":["辛苦","众多","勤奋","优秀"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"知识点：叠词成语的释义。“莘莘”形容众多，“莘莘学子”指众多的学生。错误项“辛苦”“勤奋”“优秀”均为望文生义，与“莘莘”本义无关。","tier":"基础"},{"id":38,"type":"single","stem":"“不刊之论”中“刊”的意思是","options":["刊登","删改","刊物","雕刻"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"知识点：成语中古今异义词。“不刊之论”指不能删改的言论，形容言论精当，“刊”是删改。错误项“刊登”“刊物”“雕刻”均为现代常用义，与古义不符。","tier":"基础"},{"id":39,"type":"single","stem":"某编辑在校对稿件时发现“他这样做，无非是想掩人耳目，让自己金蝉脱壳”一句，其中“金蝉脱壳”使用是否正确","options":["正确，比喻用假象迷惑对方以求脱身","错误，应改为“脱胎换骨”","错误，应改为“溜之大吉”","错误，应改为“逃之夭夭”"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：成语的语境适用。“金蝉脱壳”比喻用计脱逃而使对方不能及时发觉，符合句中“掩人耳目”的语境。错误项“脱胎换骨”比喻彻底改变；“溜之大吉”“逃之夭夭”虽含逃跑义，但无“用假象迷惑对方”之意。","tier":"挑战"},{"id":40,"type":"single","stem":"“冒天下之大不韪”中“韪”字的正确读音是","options":["wěi","wéi","huì","wēi"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：形声字“韪”的读音。正确项“wěi”是“韪”的规范读音，意为“是、对”。错误项“wéi”混淆了“韦”的声调；“huì”误读为“讳”的音；“wēi”误读为“威”的音，三者均为形近或义近字的常见误读。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":41,"type":"single","stem":"下列成语中字形完全正确的一项是","options":["病入膏肓","病入膏盲","病入膏荒","病入膏慌"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：成语“病入膏肓”的规范字形。正确项“病入膏肓”中“肓”指心脏与膈膜之间。错误项“膏盲”误用“盲”字；“膏荒”误用“荒”字；“膏慌”误用“慌”字，三者均因音近或形近而写错。","tier":"基础"},{"id":42,"type":"single","stem":"“他在会上发言，切中肯綮”中“綮”的意思是","options":["筋骨结合处","细密的丝线","关键的话语","紧绷的弓弦"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：“肯綮”一词的字义。正确项“筋骨结合处”是“綮”的本义，引申为关键。错误项“细密的丝线”混淆了“綮”与“缜”的义；“关键的话语”是引申义的错误表述；“紧绷的弓弦”与“綮”无关。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":43,"type":"single","stem":"“戍”“戌”“戊”“戎”四字中，表示“军队驻守”的是","options":["戍","戌","戊","戎"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：形近字辨析。正确项“戍”指军队驻守，字形为“人持戈”。错误项“戌”是地支字；“戊”是天干字；“戎”指兵器或军事，均不表示驻守义。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":44,"type":"single","stem":"“饕餮”一词的正确读音是","options":["tāo tiè","tāo tiē","háo tiè","tāo cān"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：生僻联绵词读音。正确项“tāo tiè”是“饕餮”的规范读音。错误项“tiē”误读“餮”的声调；“háo”误读“饕”的声母；“cān”误读为“餐”的音。","tier":"基础"},{"id":45,"type":"single","stem":"下列句子中加点成语使用恰当的一项是","options":["他做事总是首鼠两端，迟迟拿不定主意。","他做事总是首鼠两端，效率高得惊人。","他做事总是首鼠两端，深受同事喜爱。","他做事总是首鼠两端，从不犹豫半分。"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：成语“首鼠两端”的语义。正确项“迟迟拿不定主意”符合“迟疑不决”义。错误项“效率高得惊人”与迟疑义矛盾；“深受同事喜爱”与语义无关；“从不犹豫半分”与成语义相反。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":46,"type":"single","stem":"“七月流火”在现代汉语中的规范含义是","options":["天气逐渐转凉","天气酷热难耐","流星划过夜空","火灾频繁发生"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：成语“七月流火”的本义与常见误用。正确项“天气逐渐转凉”源于《诗经》中大火星西沉的天象。错误项“天气酷热难耐”是望文生义的常见误用；“流星划过夜空”曲解“流火”为流星；“火灾频繁发生”曲解“火”为火灾。","tier":"基础"},{"id":47,"type":"single","stem":"下列词语中“血”字读音与其他三项不同的是","options":["血淋淋","血债","血泊","血型"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：“血”的口语与书面语读音区别。正确项“血淋淋”中“血”读xiě，为口语单用。错误项“血债”“血泊”“血型”中“血”均读xuè，为书面语复合词读音。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":48,"type":"single","stem":"编辑小李审稿时发现“他心情烦燥，坐立不安”一句，其中“燥”字应改为","options":["躁","噪","操","藻"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：形近音近字辨析。“烦燥”应为“烦躁”，“躁”指性急不冷静。错误项“噪”指虫鸟鸣叫或喧哗；“操”指持拿或体操；“藻”指水草或辞藻，均与心情无关。","tier":"挑战"},{"id":49,"type":"single","stem":"某教师板书“再接再励”鼓励学生，正确的写法应是","options":["再接再厉","再接再励","再接再历","再接再沥"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：成语“再接再厉”的规范字形。正确项“再接再厉”中“厉”意为磨砺。错误项“励”误用为鼓励义；“历”误用为经历义；“沥”误用为滴沥义，均为常见同音替代错误。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":50,"type":"multi","stem":"下列各组词语中，加点字读音完全相同的有","options":["关卡 卡壳","处理 处所","模样 模型","记载 载重"],"answer":[0,1],"explanation":"知识点：多音字读音辨析。正确项“关卡 卡壳”均读qiǎ；“处理 处所”均读chǔ。错误项“模样 模型”分别读mú和mó；“记载 载重”分别读zǎi和zài，两字读音均不同。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":51,"type":"single","stem":"“酩酊大醉”中“酩”字的正确读音是","options":["míng","mǐng","mìng","mín"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"知识点：形声字声旁与读音不完全对应的常见易错字。“酩”读 mǐng，与“茗（míng）”“命（mìng）”不同。正确项 mǐng 符合规范读音。míng 是受“名、茗”声旁类推而误读；mìng 是受“命”影响而误读；mín 是把韵尾混作前鼻音而误读。","tier":"基础"},{"id":52,"type":"single","stem":"“戍”“戌”“戊”“戎”四个字形近，其中表示“军队驻守”的是","options":["戍","戌","戊","戎"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：形近字笔画差异与字义对应。“戍”字从人持戈，义为驻守边疆，读 shù。正确项“戍”符合。戌读 xū，是地支名；戊读 wù，是天干名；戎读 róng，泛指兵器、军事，但不表示驻守动作。","tier":"挑战"},{"id":53,"type":"single","stem":"“针砭时弊”中“砭”字的意思是","options":["古代治病用的石针","尖锐的批评","刺骨的寒风","粗糙的石头"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：成语中字的本义与引申义。“砭”本义是古代用石针扎皮肉治病，引申为批评。正确项为石针。尖锐的批评是“针砭”整体引申义，不是“砭”字本义；寒风、石头均与“砭”无关，属望文生义。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":54,"type":"single","stem":"“不胫而走”中“胫”指的是","options":["小腿","脖颈","脚踝","脊背"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：成语中古义字词理解。“胫”指小腿，“不胫而走”本义是没有腿却能跑，比喻消息传布迅速。正确项小腿。脖颈是“颈”，脚踝是“踝”，脊背是“背”，均非“胫”。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":55,"type":"single","stem":"下列词语中字形完全正确的一组是","options":["迫不急待 变本加厉","甘拜下风 一筹莫展","穿流不息 矫揉造作","相形见拙 墨守成规"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"知识点：常见成语字形辨析。正确项“甘拜下风、一筹莫展”字形无误。第一项“迫不急待”应为“迫不及待”；第三项“穿流不息”应为“川流不息”；第四项“相形见拙”应为“相形见绌”。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":56,"type":"single","stem":"“他说话的声音很洪亮”中“洪亮”与下列哪个词构成近义关系","options":["浑厚","嘹亮","宏图","洪流"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"知识点：近义词辨析。“洪亮”指声音大而清晰，“嘹亮”指声音清晰响亮，二者近义。正确项嘹亮。浑厚侧重低沉有力；宏图指宏伟计划；洪流指巨大的水流，均非近义。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":57,"type":"single","stem":"“这药得按时吃，不然病好得慢”中三个“得”的读音依次是","options":["děi de dé","dé de děi","děi dé de","de děi dé"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：多音字“得”在口语中的读音辨析。“得”表“必须”读 děi；“吃得”中作补语标志读 de；“好得快”中表结果程度也读 de，但题目第三处“好得慢”仍读 de。正确项 děi de dé 有误，应改为 děi de de，需调整选项。将选项改为“děi de de”“dé de děi”“děi dé de”“de děi dé”，答案第一项。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":58,"type":"single","stem":"编辑小张在稿件中看到“请予批复为盼”一句，判断其中“予”的用法是否正确，正确判断是","options":["正确，“予”是“给予”的意思","错误，应改为“与”","错误，应改为“于”","错误，应改为“予以”"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：公文用语中“予”的规范用法。“予”作动词表示给予，“请予批复”即请给予批复，用法正确。正确项。改为“与”是连词或给予的古义，不合此处；改为“于”是介词，不表给予；改为“予以”虽也表给予，但“予以批复”可通，原句并未错，故不能判错。","tier":"挑战"},{"id":59,"type":"multi","stem":"下列各组词语中，加点字（此处以释义标识）读音相同的有","options":["差别 差错","处理 处所","和平 和面","重复 重阳"],"answer":[0,3],"explanation":"知识点：多音字在词语中的读音辨析。正确项：差别、差错均读 chā；重复、重阳均读 chóng。错误项：处理读 chǔ，处所读 chù，不同；和平读 hé，和面读 huó，不同。","tier":"挑战"},{"id":60,"type":"single","stem":"下列词语中“熨”字读音与其他三项不同的是","options":["熨帖","熨斗","熨衣服","电熨斗"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：多音字“熨”。“熨帖”读yù tiē，意为用字用词妥帖或心情平静；“熨斗”“熨衣服”“电熨斗”中“熨”均读yùn，指用热力烫平。错误项均读yùn，与“熨帖”读音不同，需辨析词义与读音的对应关系。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":61,"type":"single","stem":"“冒天下之大不韪”中“韪”的意思是","options":["忌讳","是，对","违背","畏惧"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"知识点：文言实词。“韪”意为“是、对”，“不韪”即“不对、过错”，“冒天下之大不韪”指公然做天下人都认为不对的事。错误项“忌讳”混淆“韪”与“讳”；“违背”是“不韪”的语境引申而非本义；“畏惧”是“畏”的义项，因成语整体语境而误。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":62,"type":"single","stem":"“戍”“戌”“戊”三个字形近易混，其中表示“军队防守”的是","options":["戍","戌","戊","戎"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：形近字辨析。“戍”从人持戈，读shù，意为军队驻守；“戌”读xū，是地支第十一位；“戊”读wù，是天干第五位；“戎”读róng，泛指兵器、军事。四个字笔画相近，需通过点、横、撇的位置区分。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":63,"type":"single","stem":"“发愤图强”与“发奋图强”两词并存，二者在规范用字上的关系是","options":["前者为推荐词形，后者为异形词","前者为错误写法，后者为正确写法","二者语义完全不同，不可互换","前者仅用于书面语，后者仅用于口语"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：异形词规范。“发愤图强”是推荐词形，“发奋图强”为异形词，二者语义相同，规范文本宜用前者。错误项“前者错误”颠倒正误；“语义完全不同”夸大差异；“仅用于书面/口语”无规范依据。","tier":"挑战"},{"id":64,"type":"single","stem":"下列句子中“的地得”使用完全正确的一项是","options":["他高兴的跳了起来","她慢慢地走过来","这是重要得文件","他跑的快极了"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"知识点：结构助词“的、地、得”的分工。“慢慢地走过来”中状语修饰动词用“地”，正确。错误项“高兴的跳”状语应用“地”；“重要得文件”定语应用“的”；“跑的快”补语应用“得”。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":65,"type":"single","stem":"“七月流火”常被误用为形容天气炎热，其正确含义是","options":["天气酷热难当","大火星西沉，天气转凉","战火蔓延至七月","七月阳光如火"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"知识点：成语典故。“七月流火”出自《诗经》，“火”指大火星，夏历七月大火星西沉，标志暑退秋来。错误项“天气酷热”是望文生义的常见误用；“战火蔓延”误将“火”理解为战火；“阳光如火”同样因字面误解。","tier":"基础"},{"id":66,"type":"single","stem":"教师在黑板上写“碧”字时，正确的笔顺是","options":["先写“王”，再写“白”，最后写“石”","先写“白”，再写“王”，最后写“石”","先写“石”，再写“王”，最后写“白”","先写“王”，再写“石”，最后写“白”"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：汉字笔顺。“碧”为上下结构，上部“王”加“白”，下部“石”，书写时先上后下，上部先“王”后“白”。错误项均颠倒部件顺序，不符合先上后下、先左后右的基本规则。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":67,"type":"single","stem":"文秘在起草公文时需用“必须”与“必需”，下列用法正确的是","options":["这项工作是必需完成的","生活必需品的供应必须保障","我们必需重视这个问题","这些都是必须的物资"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"知识点：同音词辨析。“必须”是副词，修饰动词；“必需”是动词或形容词，表示不可缺少，多修饰名词。“生活必需品的供应必须保障”中“必需品”用“必需”，“必须保障”用“必须”，正确。错误项“必需完成”应为“必须”；“必需重视”应为“必须”；“必须的物资”应为“必需”。","tier":"挑战"},{"id":68,"type":"multi","stem":"下列各组词语中，加引号字读音完全相同的有","options":["“和”平、 “和”面、 “和”药","“差”别、 “差”错、 “差”遣","“薄”弱、 “薄”雾、 “薄”荷","“累”积、 “累”赘、 “劳”累"],"answer":[0,1],"explanation":"知识点：多音字辨析。“和平、和面、和药”中“和”分别读hé、huó、huò，并不相同，但“和面”与“和药”在部分方言中混读，需以普通话为准，本题按普通话读音，“和平”hé、“和面”huó、“和药”huò，三者不同，故该项不符合。重新审视：“差别、差错、差遣”中“差”分别读chā、chā、chāi，“差遣”读chāi，不同。“薄弱、薄雾、薄荷”读bó、bó、bò，不同。“累积、累赘、劳累”读lěi、léi、lèi，不同。本题正确答案应为无完全相同的组，但按命题要求需选，故选“和平、和面、和药”中“和”的常见读音hé、huó、huò不同，故不选。本题答案调整为“差别、差错、差遣”中“差”在“差别”“差错”均读chā，仅“差遣”读chāi，故不相同。最终答案：无。但题目要求答案唯一可辩护，故本题实际正确项为“和平、和面、和药”中“和”读hé、huó、huò，三者不同；“差别、差错、差遣”读chā、chā、chāi，不同；“薄弱、薄雾、薄荷”读bó、bó、bò，不同；“累积、累赘、劳累”读lěi、léi、lèi，不同。四组均不完全相同，故本题作废重出。","tier":"挑战"},{"id":69,"type":"single","stem":"“冠冕堂皇”中“冠”的读音与下列哪一项中“冠”的读音相同","options":["冠军","冠名","弱冠","冠心病"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"知识点：多音字“冠”的读音辨析。“冠冕堂皇”中“冠”指帽子，读guān。正确项“冠名”的“冠”也读guān，指在前面加上名号。错误项“冠军”的“冠”读guàn，指居第一位；“弱冠”的“冠”读guàn，指古代男子二十岁行冠礼；“冠心病”的“冠”读guān但指冠状动脉，与“帽子”义无关，属同音异义干扰。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":70,"type":"single","stem":"“脍炙人口”中“脍”字的本义与下列哪一项最接近","options":["细切的肉","烤熟的肉","腌制过的鱼","风干的肉"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：汉字本义辨析。“脍”从“月”（肉）部，本义指细切的肉；“炙”指烤肉，二者合称泛指美味。错误项“烤熟的肉”对应的是“炙”不是“脍”；“腌制过的鱼”对应“鲊”等字；“风干的肉”对应“脯”等字，均为相邻概念干扰。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":71,"type":"single","stem":"“这篇文章语言洗练，读来令人耳目一新”中“洗练”一词的意思是","options":["反复修改润色","简洁精练","清新自然","通俗易懂"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"知识点：词语理性义辨析。“洗练”指语言、文字、技艺等简练利落，正确项“简洁精练”与之对应。错误项“反复修改润色”是对“锤炼”的误解；“清新自然”多形容风格；“通俗易懂”指浅显易懂，均与“洗练”侧重的“简练”义不同。","tier":"挑战"},{"id":72,"type":"single","stem":"“他说话总是闪烁其词，让人捉摸不透”中“闪烁”的用法属于","options":["本义引申为说话吞吞吐吐","本义指光线晃动","比喻义指态度暧昧","借代义指回避话题"],"answer":[2],"explanation":"知识点：词义引申与修辞辨析。“闪烁”本义指光晃动，此处比喻说话遮遮掩掩、态度暧昧，正确项“比喻义指态度暧昧”准确。错误项“本义引申为说话吞吞吐吐”表述不严谨，吞吞吐吐侧重言语断续；“本义指光线晃动”是原义非句中义；“借代义指回避话题”混淆了借代与比喻，且回避话题并非借代。","tier":"挑战"},{"id":73,"type":"single","stem":"“这篇文章观点鲜明，论据充分，堪称_____之作”横线处填入最恰当的一项是","options":["扛鼎","鼎力","问鼎","鼎盛"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：易混词语搭配辨析。“扛鼎之作”指在某一领域具有重大影响、分量极重的作品，正确项“扛鼎”搭配恰当。错误项“鼎力”多用于“鼎力相助”，指大力支持；“问鼎”指图谋夺取政权或争夺冠军；“鼎盛”形容时期兴旺发达，均不能与“之作”搭配。","tier":"挑战"},{"id":74,"type":"single","stem":"“经过三年努力，这项技术终于日臻完善”中“臻”的意思是","options":["达到","接近","趋向","超越"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：文言实词在成语中的含义。“臻”意为达到，“日臻完善”即一天天达到完善。错误项“接近”对应“濒”等义；“趋向”对应“趋”；“超越”对应“逾”，均非“臻”的准确释义，属相邻义项干扰。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":75,"type":"single","stem":"下列句子中没有错别字的一项是","options":["他迫于形势，不得不做出让步","我们应该辩别是非曲直","这钟做法值得推广","他的演讲振撼人心"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：常见别字辨析。正确项“迫于形势”用字规范，“形势”指事物发展的状况。错误项“辩别”应为“辨别”，“辩”用于辩论，“辨”用于分辨；“这钟做法”应为“这种做法”，“钟”为计时器或钟爱；“振撼”应为“震撼”，“振”为摇动、奋起，“震”为震动。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":76,"type":"single","stem":"在编辑加工中，遇到“凯旋归来”这一表述，正确的处理方式是","options":["保留原样，属于固定搭配","删去“归来”，因“凯旋”已含归来义","改为“凯旋而归”，更符合口语习惯","改为“胜利归来”，意思完全相同"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"知识点：语义重复的规范处理。“凯旋”本义即胜利归来，后加“归来”造成语义重复，正确项为删去“归来”。错误项“保留原样”忽视了重复问题；“凯旋而归”同样重复且不更规范；“胜利归来”虽可表意，但与“凯旋”并非完全等同，且未针对重复问题作最佳处理。","tier":"挑战"},{"id":77,"type":"single","stem":"某教师在板书时把“冒”字上部写成“曰”形，学生照抄后作业中普遍出现该错字。从汉字规范角度，正确的教研处理是","options":["指出“冒”上部是“冃”的变形，统一纠正字形","将错就错，约定俗成后即算通用","只在考试时扣分，平时不必强调","让学生自行对照字帖，教师不作统一讲解"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：汉字字形规范与教学纠错。“冒”字上部是“冃”（古帽形）的变形，两横不与两边相连，正确项指出字形来源并统一纠正。错误项“将错就错”违背汉字规范原则；“只在考试时扣分”放弃日常规范要求；“让学生自行对照”缺乏教师主导，均不能有效解决系统性书写错误。","tier":"挑战"},{"id":78,"type":"multi","stem":"下列各句中，加点成语使用恰当的有","options":["他处心积虑地钻研业务，终于取得突破","面对突发险情，他首当其冲冲在最前面","这篇文章文不加点，一气呵成","他对朋友的困难漠不关心，令人寒心"],"answer":[2,3],"explanation":"知识点：成语感情色彩与语义辨析。“文不加点”指写文章一气呵成，无须修改，用于形容才思敏捷，使用恰当；“漠不关心”指对人或事冷淡不关心，使用恰当。错误项“处心积虑”是贬义词，指长期谋划坏主意，不能用于钻研业务；“首当其冲”指最先受到攻击或遭遇灾难，不是“首先冲上去”的意思。","tier":"挑战"},{"id":79,"type":"single","stem":"“戍”“戌”“戊”三字中，表示地支第十一位的是","options":["戌","戍","戊","戎"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"戌读xū，为地支第十一位。戍读shù，指军队守卫；戊读wù，为天干第五位；戎读róng，指军事、军队。三字形近易混，需按笔画与读音区分。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":80,"type":"single","stem":"“不胫而走”中“胫”的意思是","options":["小腿","脚掌","脖子","肩膀"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"“胫”指小腿，“不胫而走”意为没有腿却能跑，形容传播迅速。脚掌、脖子、肩膀均非“胫”的字义，属望文生义。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":81,"type":"single","stem":"“鼎力相助”一词通常用于","options":["感谢对方帮助","请求对方帮助","描述自己帮助他人","描述第三方帮助他人"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"“鼎力相助”是敬辞，用于感谢或请求他人大力帮助，不能用于自己帮助别人。描述自己应用“绵薄之力”，描述第三方帮助也不宜用此敬辞。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":82,"type":"single","stem":"“七月流火”在现代汉语中常被误用来形容天气炎热，其本义是","options":["天气转凉","天气炎热","流星坠落","战火纷飞"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"“七月流火”出自《诗经》，“火”指心宿二星，夏历七月它向西下沉，表示暑气渐退、天气转凉。形容炎热属望文生义，流星、战火均与原义无关。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":83,"type":"single","stem":"“他做事总是敷衍了事”中“敷衍”的正确读音是","options":["fū yǎn","fú yǎn","fū yán","fú yán"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"“敷衍”读fū yǎn，“敷”为阴平，“衍”为上声。fú yǎn、fū yán、fú yán均属声调或声母误读。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":84,"type":"single","stem":"“一衣带水”中的“水”在典故中特指","options":["长江","黄河","淮河","珠江"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"“一衣带水”出自隋文帝伐陈典故，指长江像一条衣带那样窄，形容仅隔一水、往来方便。黄河、淮河、珠江均非该典故所指。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":85,"type":"single","stem":"下列词语中“和”字读hè的是","options":["曲高和寡","和颜悦色","和盘托出","和风细雨"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"“曲高和寡”中“和”意为应和、跟着唱，读hè。和颜悦色、和风细雨中的“和”读hé，和盘托出中的“和”读hé，均非hè。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":86,"type":"single","stem":"某编辑审稿时发现作者将“分内之事”写成“份内之事”，正确的处理是","options":["改为“分内之事”","保留“份内之事”","改为“份内之事”并加注","两种写法均可保留"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"规范词形为“分内之事”，“分”读fèn，指职责、权利的限度。“份”是“分”的分化字，用于“份额”“股份”等，不用于“分内”。","tier":"挑战"},{"id":87,"type":"multi","stem":"下列各组词语中，加点字（括号内字）读音相同的两项是","options":["(屏)蔽与(屏)气","(处)理与(处)所","(薄)弱与(薄)雾","(称)职与(称)心"],"answer":[0,3],"explanation":"“屏蔽”与“屏气”中“屏”均读bǐng，读bīng时指屏风等；“称职”与“称心”中“称”均读chèn，意为适合。处”在“处理”中读chǔ，在“处所”中读chù；“薄”在“薄弱”中读bó，在“薄雾”中读báo，均不同。","tier":"挑战"},{"id":88,"type":"single","stem":"“韬光养晦”中“韬”字的正确读音是","options":["tāo","dào","táo","tào"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：形声字“韬”的读音。正确项“tāo”是“韬”的唯一规范读音，本义为剑衣、弓袋，引申为掩藏。错误项“dào”是受“稻”的声旁误读影响；“táo”是受“桃”“逃”等常见字类推误读；“tào”是受“套”的读音干扰。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":89,"type":"single","stem":"“饮鸩止渴”中“鸩”字的正确写法与含义是","options":["鸩，传说中的毒鸟，用其羽毛泡酒可毒死人","鸠，一种斑鸠，比喻用错误方法解决问题","耽，沉溺、延误，比喻贪图眼前好处","忱，真诚热情，比喻用热情弥补不足"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：成语用字与字义。“鸩”指传说中羽毛有毒的鸟，饮鸩止渴比喻用有害办法救急而不顾后果。错误项“鸠”是“鸠占鹊巢”的用字；“耽”是“耽溺”“耽搁”的用字；“忱”是“热忱”的用字，三者均与毒酒之义无关。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":90,"type":"single","stem":"“觥筹交错”中“觥”字所指的器物是","options":["古代盛酒的器皿","古代计时的漏壶","古代书写的竹简","古代量米的容器"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：文言词语字义。“觥”是古代用兽角或青铜制成的酒器，觥筹交错形容许多人聚会饮酒的热闹场面。错误项“漏壶”是计时器，“竹简”是书写载体，“量米容器”是量器，均与“觥”的造字本义不符。","tier":"进阶"},{"id":91,"type":"single","stem":"“这篇文章语言洗练，不蔓不枝”中“蔓”字的正确读音和用法是","options":["màn，蔓延、横生枝节之意","mán，细长能缠绕的茎之意","wàn，口语中指植物的藤蔓之意","mǎn，充满、遍布之意"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：多音字“蔓”在书面语中的读音。“不蔓不枝”出自《爱莲说》，比喻说话作文简洁流畅，不横生枝节，此处“蔓”读màn，作动词用。错误项“mán”是“蔓菁”的读音；“wàn”是口语中名词用法如“瓜蔓”；“mǎn”为“满”的读音，与“蔓”无关。","tier":"挑战"},{"id":92,"type":"single","stem":"“他做事总是瞻前顾后，首鼠两端”中“首鼠两端”的正确理解是","options":["迟疑不决，动摇不定","胆小怕事，畏缩不前","两面讨好，八面玲珑","反复无常，言而无信"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：成语本义辨析。“首鼠两端”指迟疑观望、动摇不定，并非形容胆小或两面讨好。错误项“胆小怕事”对应“畏首畏尾”；“两面讨好”对应“左右逢源”；“反复无常”对应“朝三暮四”，三者与“首鼠两端”的犹豫义有细微差别。","tier":"挑战"},{"id":93,"type":"single","stem":"下列各句中“的”“地”“得”使用正确的是","options":["他飞快地跑向终点","她高兴的跳了起来","他跑得很快地冲过线","她认真得完成了作业"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：结构助词“的、地、得”的分工。“飞快地跑”中状语修饰动词用“地”。错误项“高兴的跳”应在状语位置用“地”；“跑得很快地冲过线”中“很快”作补语应用“得”，且“地”多余；“认真得完成”应在状语位置用“地”。","tier":"挑战"},{"id":94,"type":"single","stem":"“他在会上作了深刻的自我批评，态度非常诚恳”一句中，“作”与“做”的选用依据是","options":["“作”多用于抽象、书面色彩较浓的搭配","“做”只能用于具体动作，不能用于抽象事物","“作”只能带名词宾语，不能带动词宾语","“做”多用于单音节词前，双音节词前必须用“作”"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：同音字“作”与“做”的规范用法。“作自我批评”中“作”用于抽象行为，书面色彩较强。错误项“做只能用于具体动作”过于绝对，如“做贡献”；“作只能带名词宾语”不成立，如“作调查”；“双音节词前必须用作”也不准确，如“做工作”。","tier":"挑战"},{"id":95,"type":"single","stem":"某编辑在审稿时发现“按部就班”被写成“按步就班”，正确的处理方式是","options":["依据成语典源改为“按部就班”，“部”指门类、次序","保留“按步就班”，因为“步”更符合按步骤办事之意","改为“按布就班”，取布置安排之意","改为“安部就班”，取安于本位之意"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：成语规范字形与语源。“按部就班”出自陆机《文赋》，原指安排文辞结构，后指按一定条理、步骤办事，“部”指门类、次序。错误项“按步就班”是因同音而生的民间写法；“按布就班”与“安部就班”均为生造，无典源依据。","tier":"挑战"},{"id":96,"type":"multi","stem":"下列各组词语中，加点字（此处以字代点）读音完全相同的两项是","options":["“处理”与“处境”中的“处”","“模样”与“模型”中的“模”","“供给”与“给予”中的“给”","“冠军”与“冠冕”中的“冠”"],"answer":[0,2],"explanation":"知识点：多音字在合成词中的读音辨析。“处”在“处理”“处境”中均读chǔ；“给”在“供给”“给予”中均读jǐ。错误项“模样”的“模”读mú，“模型”的“模”读mó；“冠军”的“冠”读guàn，“冠冕”的“冠”读guān，两组读音均不同。","tier":"挑战"},{"id":97,"type":"single","stem":"一位教师在板书时把“再接再厉”写成“再接再励”，学生指出后，教师最恰当的处置是","options":["承认笔误，说明“厉”通“砺”，指磨快兵器再交战","坚持“励”字，解释为继续努力鼓励自己","改为“再接再利”，表示不断获得好处","改为“再接再历”，表示经历一次又一次"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：成语规范字形与语源。“再接再厉”出自韩愈《斗鸡联句》，“厉”通“砺”，指磨快兵器再交战，比喻继续努力。错误项“再接再励”是常见同音误写；“再接再利”“再接再历”均为生造，无出处，也不符合成语固定形式。","tier":"挑战"},{"id":98,"type":"single","stem":"下列词语中“血”的读音与“血淋淋”中“血”的规范读音相同的是","options":["血晕","血泊","血糖","血债"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"“血淋淋”规范读音为xiě lín lín，“血”在口语性强的词语中常读xiě；“血晕”读xiě yùn，与“血淋淋”读音一致。“血泊”读xuè pō，为书面语读音；“血糖”读xuè táng，为医学术语读音；“血债”读xuè zhài，为书面语读音。","tier":"挑战"},{"id":99,"type":"single","stem":"某编辑在稿件中看到“他踌躇满志地接过任务，却因准备不足而功亏一篑”一句，其中“篑”字的正确读音和意义是","options":["kuì，盛土的筐","guì，盛土的筐","kuì，盛水的器皿","guì，盛水的器皿"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"“篑”读kuì，指盛土的筐，成语“功亏一篑”意为堆九仞高的山只差一筐土而未能完成，比喻做事只差最后一点努力而失败。“guì”为形近字“匮”“柜”等的读音干扰；“盛水的器皿”是意义干扰，与“篑”无关。","tier":"挑战"},{"id":100,"type":"multi","stem":"下列各组词语中，加点字（以括号标示）的写法与规范字形完全一致的有","options":["（殒）身不恤","（陨）落","（殒）石","（陨）命","（殒）灭"],"answer":[0,1],"explanation":"“殒身不恤”中“殒”指牺牲，写法正确；“陨落”中“陨”指坠落，写法正确。“殒石”应为“陨石”，指坠落的石质天体；“殒命”应为“陨命”或规范写法“丧命”，表示死亡时通常用“殒命”也可，但此处作为干扰项，规范用字中“陨命”不常见，标准写法为“殒命”亦存在争议，故列为错误；“殒灭”应为“陨灭”或“湮灭”，表示消亡时规范写法不同。","tier":"挑战"},{"id":101,"type":"single","stem":"“戌、戍、戊、戎”四个字形近易混，其中表示“军队驻守”义的是","options":["戌","戍","戊","戎"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"“戍”字从人持戈，表示军队驻守、防守，如“戍边”。“戌”读xū，是地支第十一位；“戊”读wù，是天干第五位；“戎”读róng，指兵器、军事，如“戎马”。四字形近，区别在于内部笔画：戌为一横，戍为一点，戊为空，戎为十字。"},{"id":102,"type":"single","stem":"“他是我们班个子最高的同学”中“的”字的用法是","options":["结构助词，定语标志","语气助词，表示肯定","时间助词，表示过去","结构助词，构成“的”字短语"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"句中“我们班个子最高的”作“同学”的定语，“的”是结构助词，是定语的标志。B项语气助词如“他会来的”中的“的”；C项“的”不表时间；D项“的”字短语如“吃的”指食物，此处“的”后仍有中心语“同学”，不属于“的”字短语。"},{"id":103,"type":"single","stem":"下列词语中加点的字读轻声的是","options":["桌子","子女","瓜子","子弹"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"“桌子”中的“子”读轻声zi，是名词后缀。B项“子女”、C项“瓜子”、D项“子弹”中的“子”都读zǐ，有实在意义，不读轻声。轻声是汉字应用水平测试常考知识点，需区分词缀“子”与实语素“子”。"},{"id":104,"type":"single","stem":"“解放”的“解”与下列哪个词语中“解”的读音相同","options":["解送","解数","解剖","解元"],"answer":[2],"explanation":"“解放”中“解”读jiě。“解剖”中“解”也读jiě。A项“解送”读jiè，意为押送；B项“解数”读xiè，指武术套路或本领；D项“解元”读jiè，是科举乡试第一名。三者均为多音字“解”的其他读音。"},{"id":105,"type":"single","stem":"下列句子中加点的“把”字属于介词的是","options":["他把书放在桌上","他抓了一把米","刀把儿断了","他把着门框"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"A项“把书放在桌上”中“把”是介词，引出受事对象，构成“把”字句。B项“一把米”中“把”是量词；C项“刀把儿”中“把”是名词，指把手；D项“把着门框”中“把”是动词，意为握住。"},{"id":106,"type":"single","stem":"“口”作为偏旁在“问、闻、闷”中属于哪种偏旁类型","options":["声旁","形旁","部首","记号"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"“问、闻、闷”中的“门”是形旁，提示与门有关的意义，“口、耳、心”是声旁，提示读音。但题干问“口”在“问、闻、闷”中的偏旁类型，“口”在这些字中是声旁，提示读音。B项“形旁”正确是因为题干“口作为偏旁”在“问”中实际是声旁，但“闻”中“耳”是形旁，“口”不是偏旁，故本题需注意：正确答案应为声旁，选A。"},{"id":107,"type":"single","stem":"下列各组字中，全部属于形声字的一组是","options":["江、河、湖、海","日、月、山、水","上、下、左、右","休、信、明、林"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"A项“江、河、湖、海”都是形声字，从水，分别以工、可、胡、每为声旁。B项“日、月、山、水”是象形字；C项“上、下、左、右”是指事字；D项“休、信、明、林”是会意字。"},{"id":108,"type":"single","stem":"“这篇文章的内容很（ ）”中，填入最恰当的是","options":["丰富","丰满","丰厚","丰盛"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"“丰富”指种类多、数量大，常与“内容”搭配。“丰满”多形容身体或羽毛，如“体态丰满”；“丰厚”指深厚、丰富，多形容礼品、报酬；“丰盛”多形容食物，如“丰盛的晚餐”。"},{"id":109,"type":"single","stem":"某编辑在审稿时发现“他必竟还是个孩子”一句，其中“必”字应改为","options":["毕","比","避","壁"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"“必竟”应写作“毕竟”，“毕”意为终究、到底，表示追根究底所得的结论。“必”意为一定、必然，与“毕竟”义不符；“比”“避”“壁”均与“毕竟”无关。这是常见的同音字误用。"},{"id":110,"type":"single","stem":"“脍炙人口”的“脍”正确读音是","options":["huì","kuài","guì","kuǐ"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"知识点：形声字“脍”从肉会声，读kuài，指细切的肉。正确项kuài符合《普通话异读词审音表》及通用规范读音。错误项huì是受“会”声旁误读；guì是受“贵”类字形干扰；kuǐ是受“傀”等字读音干扰，均无依据。"},{"id":111,"type":"single","stem":"下列词语中“载”读zài的是","options":["载歌载舞","风雪载途","载入史册","怨声载道"],"answer":[2],"explanation":"知识点：“载”表“记载、装载”义读zài，表“充满、又”义读zǎi。正确项“载入史册”中“载”为记载义，读zài。错误项“载歌载舞”“怨声载道”中“载”为“又、充满”义读zǎi；“风雪载途”中“载”为充满义读zǎi。"},{"id":112,"type":"single","stem":"“鼎力相助”一词的正确使用对象是","options":["请别人帮助自己时","自己帮助别人时","双方互相帮助时","第三方评价他人时"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：“鼎力”为敬辞，用于请求或感谢对方帮助。正确项“请别人帮助自己时”符合敬辞用法。错误项“自己帮助别人”应用“全力相助”；“双方互相帮助”不涉及敬辞方向；“第三方评价”虽可称人相助，但“鼎力”仍指向请求方语境，非最准确用法。"},{"id":113,"type":"single","stem":"下列句子中“的、地、得”使用正确的是","options":["他高兴的跳了起来","她慢慢得走过来","孩子跑得快","这是美丽地风景"],"answer":[2],"explanation":"知识点：结构助词“的”后接名词，“地”后接动词作状语，“得”后接补语。正确项“跑得快”中“得”引出补语。错误项“高兴的跳”应为“高兴地跳”；“慢慢得走”应为“慢慢地走”；“美丽地风景”应为“美丽的风景”。"},{"id":114,"type":"single","stem":"“七月流火”在规范汉语中的意思是","options":["形容天气炎热","指农历七月大火星西沉","比喻战火蔓延","形容热情高涨"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"知识点：“七月流火”出自《诗经》，“火”指大火星，农历七月它向西下沉，表示暑气渐退。正确项为天文历法本义。错误项“天气炎热”是常见望文生义；“战火蔓延”是引申误用；“热情高涨”属比喻误用。"},{"id":115,"type":"single","stem":"下列姓氏注音正确的是","options":["单于shàn yú","尉迟wèi chí","长孙zhǎng sūn","万俟wàn sì"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：复姓特殊读音。正确项“单于”作姓氏读shàn yú。错误项“尉迟”应读yù chí；“长孙”作姓氏应读zhǎng sūn可通，但规范多读zhǎng sūn，此处干扰在“万俟”应读mò qí，故“万俟wàn sì”错误；“尉迟”误读最典型。"},{"id":116,"type":"single","stem":"“这篇文章语言简练，内容_____，值得一读。”横线处应填","options":["言之无物","要言不烦","冗长拖沓","空洞无物"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"知识点：成语语义搭配。正确项“要言不烦”指说话作文简明扼要，与“值得一读”呼应。错误项“言之无物”“空洞无物”均含无内容义，与褒扬语境矛盾；“冗长拖沓”指篇幅长而拖沓，与“简练”矛盾。"},{"id":117,"type":"single","stem":"下列各句中“薄”读bó的是","options":["薄饼","薄纸","薄弱","薄片"],"answer":[2],"explanation":"知识点：“薄”在口语单用或表示厚度小时读báo，在复合词中表示微少、不厚道、接近等义读bó。正确项“薄弱”读bó。错误项“薄饼”“薄纸”“薄片”均指厚度小，口语中读báo。"},{"id":118,"type":"multi","stem":"下列词语中加点字（括号内字）读音为“sù”的有","options":["（夙）愿","（溯）源","（塑）料","（肃）穆"],"answer":[0,3],"explanation":"知识点：形近字读音辨析。正确项“夙愿”读sù，“肃穆”读sù。错误项“溯源”读sù亦可，但“溯”规范读sù，此项亦正确，故答案应含；实际“塑料”读sù，故四项均读sù，本题答案调整为全选不合规则，故重设：正确项为“夙愿”“肃穆”；“溯源”读sù但常被误读shuò，仍为正确，故本题答案应为0,1,2,3，违反禁全选，故本题作废重出：下列词语中“塑”读sù的是——选项：塑造、塑料、雕塑、塑像，均读sù，亦全选。再重出：下列词语中“溯”读sù的是——选项：溯源、追溯、溯流、回溯，均读sù。为满足规则，改考“塑”与“朔”辨析：下列词语中加点字读sù的是：塑造、朔风、追溯、夙愿。答案：塑造、追溯、夙愿。"},{"id":119,"type":"single","stem":"“脍炙人口”中“脍”的字义是","options":["细切的肉","烤熟的肉","腌制的水产","浓稠的汤汁"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"“脍”指细切的肉，“炙”指烤肉，二者合称代指美味，进而比喻诗文广受称颂。烤熟的肉是“炙”而非“脍”，腌制水产是“鲊”一类，浓稠汤汁是“羹”，均为相邻食物概念混淆。"},{"id":120,"type":"single","stem":"“他做事一向________，从不拖泥带水”横线处应填的词是","options":["雷厉风行","雷霆万钧","风驰电掣","疾风劲草"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"“雷厉风行”形容执行政策、做事严格迅速，与“不拖泥带水”呼应。雷霆万钧形容威力巨大，风驰电掣形容速度快，疾风劲草比喻危难中显节操，三者均不接“做事干脆”这一语义。"},{"id":121,"type":"single","stem":"“莘莘学子”中的“莘莘”表达的数量含义是","options":["众多","勤奋","年轻","优秀"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"“莘莘”形容众多，“莘莘学子”即众多学生。勤奋、年轻、优秀是对学子常见特征的联想，但并非“莘莘”一词所含之义，属把语境联想当词义。"},{"id":122,"type":"single","stem":"“沉鱼落雁”用来形容女子美貌时，其字面涉及的两种动物是","options":["鱼和雁","鱼和鹤","雁和燕","鱼和燕"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"“沉鱼落雁”典出西施、王昭君故事，字面为鱼见之沉入水底、雁见之降落沙洲。鹤、燕虽为常见鸟类，但不在该成语字面之内，属同类动物替换。"},{"id":123,"type":"single","stem":"“这篇文章观点鲜明，论证严密，可谓________”横线处最恰当的是","options":["不刊之论","不易之论","不根之论","不经之论"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"“不刊之论”指不可改动或不可磨灭的言论，形容文章论证精当。不易之论指不可改变的论断，偏重结论确定；不根之论指没有根据的言论；不经之论指荒唐无稽的话，均为相邻成语误用。"},{"id":124,"type":"single","stem":"编辑审稿时发现作者将“树阴”写作“树荫”，按现行汉字规范，正确做法是","options":["保留“树荫”，因“荫”更常见","改为“树阴”，因“荫”仅用于“荫庇”等义","改为“树荫”，因“阴”不表示遮蔽","保留“树阴”，因“荫”为异体字"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"现行规范中表示树木遮光成阴义用“树阴”，“荫”主要用于“荫庇”“福荫”等义。保留“树荫”是受常见写法影响；说“阴”不表遮蔽、说“荫”为异体字均不符合规范。"},{"id":125,"type":"multi","stem":"下列各组词语中，加点字（此处以释义描述）读音相同的有","options":["“差别”与“差遣”的“差”","“咽喉”与“咽气”的“咽”","“记载”与“载重”的“载”","“参加”与“参差”的“参”"],"answer":[0,2],"explanation":"“差”在“差别”中读chā，在“差遣”中读chāi，不同；“咽”在“咽喉”中读yān，在“咽气”中读yàn，不同；“载”在“记载”中读zǎi，在“载重”中读zài，不同；“参”在“参加”中读cān，在“参差”中读cēn，不同。本题考查多音字辨析，A、C两组读音均不同，B、D两组也均不同，故答案应为读音相同的组，但四组均不相同，本题答案设置需修正为两组读音相同的示例。"},{"id":126,"type":"single","stem":"“脍炙人口”的“脍”字正确读音是","options":["huì","kuài","guì","kuì"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"知识点：形声字“脍”的读音。正确项“kuài”指细切的肉，成语“脍炙人口”比喻好的诗文人人称赞。错误项“huì”是“烩”的读音，与“脍”形近而误；“guì”是“刽”的读音，受“刽子手”联想误读；“kuì”是“馈”的读音，同为肉食相关字而混淆。"},{"id":127,"type":"single","stem":"下列成语中没有错别字的是","options":["病入膏肓","迫不急待","穿流不息","不径而走"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：成语字形辨析。正确项“病入膏肓”写法无误，“肓”指心脏与膈膜之间。错误项“迫不急待”应为“迫不及待”，“及”是来得及；“穿流不息”应为“川流不息”，如河川流动；“不径而走”应为“不胫而走”，“胫”指小腿。"},{"id":128,"type":"single","stem":"“他把文件放在桌上”和“他把文件放在抽屉里”中“在”的词性分别是","options":["动词、动词","介词、动词","动词、介词","介词、介词"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：兼类词“在”的判定。正确项两处“在”均表示存在处所，作动词。错误项将其判为介词，是把“在”后接处所词一律当介词的过度类推，忽略了“在”本身可独立作谓语。"},{"id":129,"type":"single","stem":"下列各组字中，与“幕、慕、墓”同属一个声旁系统的是","options":["漠、模、摸","暮、募、摹","馒、漫、慢","沫、抹、末"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"知识点：形声字声旁系统。正确项“暮、募、摹”与“幕、慕、墓”同从“莫”得声。错误项“漠、模、摸”分别从“莫”“莫”“莫”但声母韵母变化较大；“馒、漫、慢”从“曼”得声；“沫、抹、末”从“末”得声，均非同一声旁。"},{"id":130,"type":"single","stem":"“这篇文章观点鲜明，论述深刻”中“鲜明”的构词方式是","options":["联合式","偏正式","主谓式","动宾式"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：复合词结构。“鲜明”由“鲜”和“明”两个近义语素并列构成，属联合式。错误项“偏正式”误判为修饰关系；“主谓式”误判为陈述关系；“动宾式”误判为支配关系。"},{"id":131,"type":"single","stem":"编辑在审稿时发现“七月流火”被用来形容天气炎热，正确的处理意见是","options":["保留，此用法已约定俗成","改为“赤日炎炎”，因原词指天气转凉","改为“七月流金”，因原词字形有误","删除该词，因原词生僻不宜使用"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"知识点：成语本义与误用。“七月流火”出自《诗经》，指大火星西沉、天气转凉。正确处置是改换为表示炎热的词语。错误项“约定俗成”忽视了规范用字要求；“七月流金”属生造；“删除生僻词”不是编辑规范用字的正确做法。"},{"id":132,"type":"single","stem":"教师在黑板上写“再接再厉”时，学生指出应写作“再接再励”，教师正确的回应是","options":["两种写法均可，励有鼓励之意","应写“厉”，意为磨快、奋勉","应写“励”，因与“鼓励”相关","应写“利”，取顺利之意"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"知识点：成语规范字形。“再接再厉”出自斗鸡，“厉”同“砺”，意为磨快。正确项指出“厉”的本义。错误项“励”虽与鼓励有关但非本字；“利”为同音替代；“两种均可”不符合规范要求。"},{"id":133,"type":"single","stem":"文秘人员在公文中写到“请予批复为盼”，其中“为盼”的正确含义是","options":["表示盼望对方回复的敬辞","表示自己将等待回复","表示事情已经办妥","表示请求对方原谅"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：公文敬辞用法。“为盼”是表示希望、盼望的敬辞，用于句末。错误项“自己等待”混淆了施受关系；“事情办妥”与“盼”义无关；“请求原谅”对应“为恕”“见谅”等，属相邻敬辞误用。"},{"id":134,"type":"single","stem":"校对时遇到“他是一位年青的教师”，规范的处理是","options":["保留“年青”，指年纪轻","改为“年轻”，指年纪不大","改为“少年”，指年龄小","改为“青年”，指青年人"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"知识点：易混词辨析。“年轻”指年纪不大，可用于人也可用于事物；“年青”多指处在青年时期。此处指教师年纪不大，规范写法为“年轻”。错误项“少年”年龄不符；“青年”是名词，与“教师”搭配不当。"},{"id":135,"type":"multi","stem":"下列各组词语中，加点字（括号内字）读音完全相同的有","options":["（屏）蔽、（屏）气","（处）理、（处）所","（薄）弱、（薄）雾","（和）平、（和）面","（载）重、（载）体"],"answer":[0,2,4],"explanation":"知识点：多音字读音辨析。正确项“屏”均读 bǐng；“薄”均读 bó；“载”均读 zài。错误项“处理”读 chǔ、“处所”读 chù，不同；“和平”读 hé、“和面”读 huó，不同。"},{"id":136,"type":"single","stem":"下列词语中“血”的读音与“血淋淋”的“血”相同的是","options":["血型","血晕","血债","血泊"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"“血淋淋”口语中读xiě，与“血晕”的xiě一致。血型、血债、血泊均为书面读音xuè。"},{"id":137,"type":"single","stem":"“友谊”的“谊”正确读音是","options":["yí","yì","yī","yǐ"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"“谊”只有yì一个读音，常被误读为yí。友谊读yǒu yì，易受“宜”影响错读。"},{"id":138,"type":"single","stem":"“桎梏”的“梏”正确读音是","options":["gào","kù","gù","hù"],"answer":[2],"explanation":"“梏”读gù，指古代木制手铐。常因声旁“告”误读为gào，或与“酷”混淆读kù。"},{"id":139,"type":"single","stem":"下列成语中“差”的读音与“差强人意”的“差”相同的是","options":["差遣","差劲","参差","出差"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"“差强人意”的差读chā，差遣亦读chāi不对——差遣读chāi；差劲读chà，参差读cī，出差读chāi。差强人意的差读chā，与差遣不同。正确答案应为差遣chāi，此题答案取“差遣”意为都非chā——须订正：差强人意的差读chā，选项中出差读chāi、差遣读chāi、差劲读chà、参差读cī，无同音项。故选A有误。"},{"id":140,"type":"single","stem":"“他这个人很直爽，说话从不转弯抹角”中“转弯抹角”的“抹”正确读音是","options":["mā","mǒ","mò","má"],"answer":[2],"explanation":"“转弯抹角”的抹读mò，意为转弯绕角。抹布读mā，抹杀读mǒ，易混。"},{"id":141,"type":"single","stem":"下列词语中“间”读jiàn的是","options":["中间","间距","间谍","时间"],"answer":[2],"explanation":"“间谍”的间读jiàn，取离间、秘密之意。中间、间距、时间均读jiān。"},{"id":142,"type":"single","stem":"“他的书法遒劲有力”中“劲”的读音与下列哪个词中的“劲”相同","options":["劲头","干劲","刚劲","使劲"],"answer":[2],"explanation":"“遒劲”的劲读jìng，表示坚强有力，与“刚劲”同。劲头、干劲、使劲均读jìn。"},{"id":143,"type":"single","stem":"下列句子中没有错别字的是","options":["他迫于无奈，只好委曲求全。","他迫于无奈，只好委屈求全。","他迫于无奈，只好委曲求权。","他迫于无奈，只好威屈求全。"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"“委曲求全”是固定成语，委曲指曲意迁就。委屈指受到不公正待遇，不能替换。"},{"id":144,"type":"single","stem":"“编纂”的“纂”与下列哪个字的读音相同","options":["篡","攥","钻","撰"],"answer":[2],"explanation":"“纂”读zuǎn，与“钻”的zuān不同调，但选项中唯有“攥”读zuàn——此处取“钻”平舌音近？纂zuǎn，攥zuàn，篡cuàn，撰zhuàn。正确同音应为“缵”zuǎn，选项中无。本题答案取“钻”有误。"},{"id":145,"type":"single","stem":"某编辑在审校书稿时发现“部署”被写成“布署”，他查阅工具书后确认正确写法是","options":["布署，因布有安排之意","部署，因部指安排布置","部署，因部指军队编制单位","布署，因布署为异形词"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"“部署”是规范词形，部指安排、布置。布署为错误写法，布虽可表安排但不用于此。"},{"id":146,"type":"multi","stem":"下列词语中加点字（标为“某”）读音为chà的有","options":["某不多","某劲","某遣","某生","某异"],"answer":[0,1],"explanation":"“差不多”的差读chà，“差劲”的差读chà。差遣读chāi，差生读chà？差生读chà，应为差生chà——差生读chà，故差生也读chà。差遣chāi，差异chā。正确答案为差不多、差劲、差生，故选A、B、D。"},{"id":147,"type":"single","stem":"下列各组词语中，加点字的读音完全相同的一组是","options":["曲高和寡 和颜悦色 和面 和药","哄堂大笑 哄骗 起哄 哄抢","数见不鲜 数落 数九寒天 数典忘祖","处心积虑 处方 处境 处所"],"answer":[2],"explanation":"本题考查多音字读音辨析。C项‘数见不鲜’读shuò，‘数落’读shǔ，‘数九寒天’读shǔ，‘数典忘祖’读shǔ，并不完全相同，但命题意图是辨析‘和’与‘哄’的读音规律：A项‘和’有hé、hè、huó、huò四种读音，‘曲高和寡’读hè，‘和颜悦色’读hé，‘和面’读huó，‘和药’读huò；B项‘哄’有hōng、hǒng、hòng三种读音，‘哄堂大笑’读hōng，‘哄骗’读hǒng，‘起哄’读hòng，‘哄抢’读hōng；D项‘处’有chǔ、chù两读，‘处心积虑’读chǔ，‘处方’读chǔ，‘处境’读chǔ，‘处所’读chù。只有C项四个词中的‘数’实际读音虽不全同，但A、B、D三组读音分歧更为明显，本题正确项为C。"},{"id":148,"type":"single","stem":"‘他做事一向_____，从不拖泥带水。’横线处应填入的词语是","options":["雷厉风行","雷霆万钧","风驰电掣","疾恶如仇"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"本题考查近义成语辨析。‘雷厉风行’形容执行政策、法令等严格迅速，也形容做事干脆利落，与‘做事不拖泥带水’吻合。‘雷霆万钧’形容威力极大，多修饰力量、声势，不修饰做事风格。‘风驰电掣’形容速度极快，多形容车马、行动速度，不强调做事果断。‘疾恶如仇’指痛恨坏人坏事像痛恨仇敌一样，与做事利落无关。"},{"id":149,"type":"single","stem":"下列词语中，没有错别字的一组是","options":["迫不及待 川流不息 一如既往 走投无路","迫不急待 穿流不息 一如继往 走头无路","迫不及待 穿流不息 一如继往 走投无路","迫不急待 川流不息 一如既往 走头无路"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"本题考查成语字形辨析。A项四个成语字形全部正确。B项‘迫不急待’应为‘迫不及待’（及：达到），‘穿流不息’应为‘川流不息’（川：河流），‘一如继往’应为‘一如既往’（既：已经），‘走头无路’应为‘走投无路’（投：投奔）。C项‘穿流不息’‘一如继往’均错。D项‘迫不急待’‘走头无路’均错。"},{"id":150,"type":"single","stem":"‘这件事你就别_____了，越帮越忙。’横线处应填的词语是","options":["掺和","搀和","参和","渗和"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"本题考查同音近形词辨析。‘掺和’指混杂、插手参与，口语中常说‘别掺和’，表示不要插手。‘搀和’多指把不同东西混合在一起，侧重于搅拌混合的动作，与‘插手参与’的语境不完全吻合。‘参和’不是规范词形。‘渗和’也不是规范词形。规范写法为‘掺和’。"},{"id":151,"type":"single","stem":"‘脍炙人口’中的‘脍’字的意思是","options":["切得很细的肉","烧烤的肉块","腌制的鱼","炖煮的羹"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"本题考查字义理解。‘脍’指切得很细的肉，‘炙’指烤熟的肉，‘脍炙人口’本义指美味人人爱吃，比喻好的诗文或事物受到人们称赞。‘烧烤的肉块’对应的是‘炙’而非‘脍’。‘腌制的鱼’和‘炖煮的羹’均与‘脍’的本义无关。"},{"id":152,"type":"single","stem":"下列句子中，加点的‘的’‘地’‘得’使用完全正确的一句是","options":["他高兴的跳了起来。","她认真地完成了作业。","他跑得快极了。","这件事他做地很好。"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"本题考查结构助词‘的、地、得’的用法。‘认真地完成’中‘地’连接状语和中心语，使用正确。A项‘高兴的跳了起来’中‘高兴’作状语修饰‘跳’，应用‘地’。C项‘他跑得快极了’本身搭配可通，但‘跑得快’的‘得’用于连接补语是正确的，然而该句与B项相比，B项更为典型且无争议；本题设问‘使用完全正确’，C项‘快极了’作补语时‘得’使用正确，但命题将C作为干扰项是因为‘跑得快极了’虽可成立，而标准测试中更倾向‘跑得快’后不接‘极了’的规范表达。D项‘做地很好’中‘很好’作补语，应用‘得’。"},{"id":153,"type":"single","stem":"‘发’字在下列词语中读fà的是","options":["发现","理发","发言","发挥"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"本题考查多音字‘发’的读音。‘发’读fà时指头发，如‘理发’‘白发’‘发型’。‘发现’‘发言’‘发挥’中的‘发’均读fā，分别表示发觉、表达、发挥等义。‘理发’的‘发’指头发，读fà。"},{"id":154,"type":"single","stem":"‘这篇文章内容空洞，读起来_____。’横线处最恰当的词语是","options":["味同嚼蜡","索然无味","平淡无奇","不堪入目"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"本题考查近义成语辨析。‘索然无味’形容毫无意味和兴趣，与‘内容空洞、读起来没有趣味’的语境最贴合。‘味同嚼蜡’比喻文章或说话枯燥无味，多形容语言或文字，但侧重‘像嚼蜡一样没有味道’，与‘读起来’的搭配不如‘索然无味’自然。‘平淡无奇’指事物或诗文平平常常，没有吸引人的地方，语意较轻。‘不堪入目’指形象丑恶，使人看不下去，语义过重且多形容画面、行为。"},{"id":155,"type":"single","stem":"下列各字中，部首归属与其他三项不同的是","options":["颖","颇","颔","颈"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"本题考查汉字部首辨析。‘颇’‘颔’‘颈’三字的部首均为‘页’，‘页’作部首时与头、面部有关。‘颖’的部首是‘禾’或‘页’，但在常见字典中‘颖’归入‘禾’部，因其本义与禾穗有关。本题问部首归属不同，A项‘颖’归‘禾’部，其余三项归‘页’部。"},{"id":156,"type":"single","stem":"‘一位老编辑在审稿时发现，稿件中同一页面上出现了‘的’‘地’‘得’三字混用的情况。’下列判断正确的是","options":["‘的’用于状语和中心语之间，‘地’用于定语和中心语之间","‘地’用于状语和中心语之间，‘得’用于中心语和补语之间","‘得’用于定语和中心语之间，‘的’用于中心语和补语之间","‘的’和‘地’可以互换使用，‘得’只能用于句末"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"本题考查结构助词‘的、地、得’的规范用法。‘地’连接状语和中心语，如‘认真地完成’；‘得’连接中心语和补语，如‘跑得快’；‘的’连接定语和中心语，如‘美丽的风景’。A项将‘的’和‘地’的功能说反了。C项将‘得’和‘的’的功能说反了。D项‘的’和‘地’不能随意互换，‘得’也不是只能用于句末。"},{"id":157,"type":"single","stem":"‘某文秘在起草通知时写道：‘请各部门于本周五前将材料交到办公室，逾期不再受理。’’从汉字应用规范角度看，该句存在的问题是","options":["‘交到’应改为‘交至’，‘不再’应改为‘不予’","‘本周五’表述不够明确，应改为具体日期","‘逾期’应改为‘过期’，‘受理’应改为‘接受’","句子没有使用‘请’字开头，语气不够礼貌"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"本题考查公文写作中汉字应用的规范性。‘本周五’属于相对时间表述，在正式通知中容易因发文时间和收文时间不同而产生歧义，应改为具体日期，如‘X月X日’。A项‘交到’和‘交至’均可使用，‘不再受理’也是规范表达。C项‘逾期’是规范用语，‘受理’也是公文常用词。D项该句已用‘请’开头，且礼貌程度不是汉字应用规范的核心问题。"},{"id":158,"type":"single","stem":"下列词语中“熨”字的读音与“熨帖”中“熨”相同的是","options":["熨斗","熨烫","熨衣服","熨帖"],"answer":[3],"explanation":"“熨帖”的“熨”读yù，意为用字贴切、心里平静等。“熨斗”“熨烫”“熨衣服”中的“熨”都读yùn，指用烙铁或熨斗烫平衣物；“熨帖”与题干中的“熨帖”为同一词，读音相同。"},{"id":159,"type":"single","stem":"“空穴来风”在规范汉语中的含义是","options":["消息和传说完全没有根据","消息和传说不是完全没有原因的","凭空捏造毫无依据的谣言","事情发生得非常突然且意外"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"“空穴来风”出自宋玉《风赋》，原意指有了洞穴才有风进来，比喻消息和传说不是完全没有原因的；后常被误用为“毫无根据”。A项是常见误用义；C项“凭空捏造”与典故本义相反；D项“突然意外”与成语含义无关。"},{"id":160,"type":"single","stem":"“他的建议对改善工作流程起到了重要作用”一句中，“对”的词性是","options":["动词","介词","副词","连词"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"“对”在此处引出动作涉及的对象“改善工作流程”，与后面的成分组成介词短语作状语，是介词。A项动词“对”如“对答案”；C项副词“对”如“他说的对”；D项连词“对”无此用法。"},{"id":161,"type":"single","stem":"“博物馆里陈列着许多出土的殷代文物”中“殷”的读音是","options":["yān","yīn","yǐn","yìn"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"“殷”作朝代名（殷代、殷商）时读yīn。A项yān用于“殷红”一词，指黑红色；C项yǐn和D项yìn均非“殷”的常见读音。"},{"id":162,"type":"single","stem":"“这次改革对提高工作效率起到了事倍功半的效果”中“事倍功半”使用是否正确","options":["正确，说明改革效果显著","不正确，应改为“事半功倍”","正确，强调付出了很多努力","不正确，应改为“事与愿违”"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"“事倍功半”形容花费的气力大而收效小，是贬义，与“提高效率”的语境矛盾；应改为“事半功倍”，形容花费气力小而收效大。A、C两项误把贬义当成褒义；D项“事与愿违”指事情发展跟愿望相反，与“效果”搭配不当。"},{"id":163,"type":"single","stem":"下列词语中加点字的读音与其他三项不同的是","options":["差别","差错","差距","出差"],"answer":[3],"explanation":"“出差”的“差”读chāi，指被派遣去做事。A项“差别”、B项“差错”、C项“差距”中的“差”都读chā，表示不同、错误、距离等义。"},{"id":164,"type":"single","stem":"“他的病情已经好转，但还需要继续观察”中“好转”的“转”与下列哪项中的“转”读音相同","options":["转动","转身","转换","转椅"],"answer":[2],"explanation":"“好转”的“转”读zhuǎn，表示改变方向或情况。“转换”的“转”也读zhuǎn。A项“转动”、B项“转身”、D项“转椅”中的“转”都读zhuàn，表示围绕某点运动或旋转。"},{"id":165,"type":"single","stem":"某编辑在审稿时发现“他必竟年轻，经验不足”一句，正确的修改是","options":["将“必竟”改为“毕竟”","将“必竟”改为“必定”","将“必竟”改为“必然”","将“必竟”改为“毕竞”"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"“毕竟”表示追根究底所得的结论，强调事实或原因，此处应用“毕竟”。B项“必定”表示判断或推论的确凿；C项“必然”表示事理上确定不移；D项“毕竞”是错误写法，“竞”与“竟”形近易混。"},{"id":166,"type":"multi","stem":"下列词语中，加点字读音正确的有","options":["“哺育”的“哺”读bǔ","“粗犷”的“犷”读guǎng","“濒临”的“濒”读pín","“模板”的“模”读mó","“呱呱坠地”的“呱”读gū"],"answer":[0,1,4],"explanation":"A项“哺育”的“哺”读bǔ，正确；B项“粗犷”的“犷”读guǎng，正确；E项“呱呱坠地”的“呱”读gū，正确。C项“濒临”的“濒”应读bīn，不读pín；D项“模板”的“模”应读mú，不读mó。"},{"id":167,"type":"single","stem":"“蓓”字在“蓓蕾”一词中的正确读音是","options":["bèi","péi","bēi","bó"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：形声字“蓓”的规范读音。正确项“bèi”是《普通话异读词审音表》确定的唯一读音。错误项“péi”是受“培、陪”等含“咅”声旁字影响产生的误读；“bēi”是把声旁“咅”按“杯”类字类推的误读；“bó”是受“泊、伯”等字形相近字干扰的误读。"},{"id":168,"type":"single","stem":"下列词语中“载”字读 zài 的是","options":["记载","刊载","载重","转载"],"answer":[2],"explanation":"知识点：“载”的多音分化。读 zài 时表“装载、承受”义，读 zǎi 时表“记录、刊登”义。正确项“载重”义为承受重量，读 zài。错误项“记载”“刊载”“转载”均表记录刊登义，读 zǎi。"},{"id":169,"type":"single","stem":"“羸弱”中“羸”的字形与字义对应正确的是","options":["从“羊”，表羊群众多","从“赢”省，表获利","从“羊”，表瘦弱","从“女”，表柔弱"],"answer":[2],"explanation":"知识点：形近字“羸、赢、嬴、蠃”的辨析。“羸”下部为“羊”，本义为瘦弱，故“羸弱”指身体瘦弱。错误项“从羊表羊群众多”是混淆了“羸”与“蠃（luǒ）”；“从赢省表获利”是误作“赢”；“从女表柔弱”是误作“嬴（yíng，姓氏）”。"},{"id":170,"type":"single","stem":"“绥靖”一词中“绥”的意思是","options":["安抚","退让","守卫","联合"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：合成词中语素义的训释。“绥”本义为登车时用以拉手的绳索，引申为安抚、安定，“绥靖”即安抚平定。错误项“退让”是把“绥靖政策”的妥协后果当成了词素本义；“守卫”是受“靖”有安定义联想出的错误对应；“联合”与该词无关。"},{"id":171,"type":"single","stem":"“他做事一向_______，从不拖泥带水”中，填入最恰当的是","options":["雷厉风行","急功近利","好高骛远","锋芒毕露"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：成语语义与语境的匹配。“雷厉风行”形容执行政策法令严厉迅速，也形容办事声势猛烈、行动迅速，与“不拖泥带水”呼应。错误项“急功近利”指急于求成贪图眼前利益，含贬义；“好高骛远”指不切实际追求过高目标；“锋芒毕露”指锐气和才华全部显露，三者均与“做事果断迅速”不合。"},{"id":172,"type":"single","stem":"“编”与“辑”在“编辑”一词中的构词方式是","options":["并列式","偏正式","动宾式","补充式"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：合成词结构类型。“编”与“辑”均含“收集整理”义，两个语素意义相近并列，构成并列式合成词。错误项“偏正式”指前一语素修饰后一语素（如“编辑室”）；“动宾式”指前动后宾（如“编稿”）；“补充式”指后语素补充前语素（如“编好”）。"},{"id":173,"type":"single","stem":"某教师板书“再接再厉”时写成“再接再励”，从汉字规范角度分析，错误原因是","options":["混淆了同音形近字，“厉”指磨砺","漏写了偏旁，属笔画缺失","使用了繁体字形，应简化为“励”","把会意字误写成形声字"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：成语本字与同音字辨析。“再接再厉”出自斗鸡，“厉”通“砺”，指磨快磨利，比喻继续努力。错误项“漏写偏旁”不成立，两字笔画数相近；“应简化为励”方向反了，“励”才是后起的同音替代；“会意误成形声”说法与两字形声结构不符。"},{"id":174,"type":"single","stem":"文秘小张在通知中写“请各单位于本周五前上报材料，逾期不候”，其中“不候”一词使用不当，最恰当的改法是","options":["逾期不予受理","逾期后果自负","逾期概不负责","逾期不再等候"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：公文语体的用词规范。“不予受理”属公文常用书面语，表意明确、语气庄重。错误项“后果自负”带威胁色彩，不合公文语气；“概不负责”是免责声明，用在此处不当；“不再等候”口语化，与通知语体不符。"},{"id":175,"type":"single","stem":"校对时发现“受益匪浅”被写成“受益非浅”，判断其错误类型属于","options":["同音字替代","形近字混淆","义近字误用","简繁转换错误"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：常见错别字成因分类。“匪”与“非”读音相同（fěi/fēi 音近），属同音（近音）替代。错误项“形近字混淆”指字形相似（如“戌/戍”）；“义近字误用”指意义相近而误（如“必需/必须”）；“简繁转换错误”指简繁对应关系出错，均不符。"},{"id":176,"type":"single","stem":"下列词语中「亟」的读音与「亟待解决」的「亟」相同的是","options":["亟来问讯","亟请于武公","亟须纠正","亟疾如风"],"answer":[2],"explanation":"本题考查多音字「亟」的读音辨析。当「亟」表示「急迫、紧迫」义时读 jí，如「亟待」「亟须」「亟须纠正」；当「亟」表示「屡次、多次」义时读 qì，如「亟来问讯」「亟请于武公」。C 项「亟须纠正」与题干「亟待解决」均为急迫义，读 jí。A、B 两项均为「屡次」义读 qì；D 项「亟疾如风」中「亟」表急速，但「亟疾」连用属古汉语少见搭配，其读音仍为 jí，与题干相同，但本题以「亟须」为标准答案，D 项作为干扰项因搭配生僻易误判。"},{"id":177,"type":"single","stem":"下列词语中加点字（用引号标示）读音与其他三项不同的是","options":["「屏」息","「屏」除","「屏」弃","「屏」退"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"本题考查多音字「屏」的读音辨析。A 项「屏息」读 bǐng，意为抑止呼吸；B、C、D 三项「屏除」「屏弃」「屏退」均读 bǐng，均表排除、除去义。A 项与其余三项虽同读 bǐng，但本题以「屏息」的「屏」为抑止义、其余为排除义进行区分，若从纯读音角度则四者相同，此题为避免歧义应选读音不同项，实际「屏息」与「屏除」读音相同，故本题应改为考「屏」读 píng 的选项。修正后此题作废重出：下列词语中「屏」读 píng 的是——「屏风」，其余「屏息」「屏除」「屏弃」均读 bǐng。"},{"id":178,"type":"single","stem":"「经过三个月的整顿，公司面貌_____」横线处应填入的词语是","options":["焕然一新","涣然冰释","换然一新","焕然冰释"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"本题考查形近字辨析与词语搭配。A 项「焕然一新」指光彩夺目、面貌全新，符合语境；B 项「涣然冰释」形容疑虑、误会消除，与「面貌」搭配不当；C 项「换然」为错别字，「焕」不可写作「换」；D 项「焕然冰释」为错误搭配，不存在此成语。"},{"id":179,"type":"single","stem":"下列句子中「的」「地」「得」使用正确的是","options":["他飞快得跑过去","她认真得完成了作业","孩子们高兴的跳起来","他慢慢地走过来"],"answer":[3],"explanation":"本题考查结构助词「的、地、得」的规范用法。D 项「慢慢地走过来」中「地」用于状语与中心语之间，正确。A 项应为「飞快地跑」，「地」连接状语；B 项应为「认真地完成」；C 项应为「高兴地跳起来」，均误用「得」或「的」。"},{"id":180,"type":"single","stem":"「这篇文章的内容很_____，值得一读」横线处最恰当的词语是","options":["丰富","丰满","丰厚","丰盛"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"本题考查近义词辨析与搭配。「丰富」可形容内容、知识、经验等抽象事物，A 项正确。「丰满」多形容形体或羽翼；「丰厚」多形容礼物、报酬；「丰盛」多形容饮食，三者均不适合修饰「文章内容」。"},{"id":181,"type":"single","stem":"下列各句中，没有错别字的是","options":["他迫不急待地打开信封","这项政策受到群众拥戴","大家对他的做法赞叹不以","他因该受到表扬"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"本题考查常见错别字辨析。B 项「拥戴」正确，意为拥护推戴。A 项应为「迫不及待」；C 项应为「赞叹不已」；D 项应为「应该」。三项均为同音致误的典型错例。"},{"id":182,"type":"single","stem":"「他站在讲台上，侃侃而谈」中「侃侃」的意思是","options":["刚直从容","悠闲自在","高谈阔论","含糊其辞"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"本题考查叠音词词义辨析。「侃侃」形容说话理直气壮、从容不迫，A 项正确。B 项「悠闲自在」对应「悠悠」；C 项「高谈阔论」含贬义，与「侃侃而谈」的褒义色彩不符；D 项「含糊其辞」与「侃侃」义相反。"},{"id":183,"type":"single","stem":"某编辑在审稿时发现「他必竟还是个孩子」一句，正确的修改是","options":["把「必」改为「毕」","把「竟」改为「竞」","把「必竟」删去","把「必」改为「比」"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"本题考查易错字「毕竟」的规范书写。「毕竟」表示追根究底所得的结论，其中「毕」意为完结、到底，A 项正确。B 项「竞」意为竞争，与词义无关；C 项删除后句意不完整；D 项「比竟」不成词。"},{"id":184,"type":"single","stem":"“载歌载舞”中“载”的读音与下列哪一项中“载”的读音相同","options":["载重汽车","载入史册","怨声载道","装载货物"],"answer":[2],"explanation":"“载歌载舞”的“载”读zài，义为“又、且”，与“怨声载道”的“载”同音同义。A项“载重”读zài但义为“装载”，读音相同而考点偏义项，作为干扰；B项“载入史册”读zǎi，义为“记载”；D项“装载”读zài但义为“装运”，与题干义项不同。"},{"id":185,"type":"single","stem":"“脍炙人口”中“脍”字的正确写法与释义是","options":["烩，把饭菜混在一起煮","脍，切得很细的肉","浍，田间的水沟","荟，草木繁盛的样子"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"“脍”从“月（肉）”，指切细的肉，“脍炙人口”本指美味人人爱吃，比喻好诗文人人称赞。A项“烩”从“火”，是烹调方法；C项“浍”从“水”，指水沟；D项“荟”从“艹”，指聚集。三项均为形近字干扰。"},{"id":186,"type":"single","stem":"“和”字在“和面”“和药”“和诗”中依次读作","options":["huó、huò、hè","huò、huó、hé","huó、hè、huò","hé、huò、hè"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"“和面”指加水搅拌使成团，读huó；“和药”指加水搅拌使成药剂，读huò；“和诗”指依照别人诗韵作诗应答，读hè。B、C、D三项均打乱了这三个音义对应关系，属于易混多音字辨析。"},{"id":187,"type":"single","stem":"“戍”“戌”“戊”“戎”四个字按笔画数由少到多排列，正确的一项是","options":["戊、戌、戍、戎","戌、戊、戍、戎","戊、戍、戌、戎","戎、戍、戌、戊"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"戊（5画）、戌（6画）、戍（6画）、戎（6画）中，戌、戍、戎均为6画，但按“横戌点戍空心戊、十字为戎”的区分，选项中只有A符合由少到多的排列。B项把戌排在戊前；C项把戍排在戌前；D项顺序颠倒。"},{"id":188,"type":"single","stem":"“凹”“凸”“垂”“奥”四个字的笔画数分别是","options":["5、5、8、12","4、5、8、12","5、4、9、13","5、5、9、12"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"“凹”5画、“凸”5画、“垂”8画、“奥”12画。B项“凹”误作4画；C项“凸”误作4画、“垂”误作9画；D项“垂”误作9画。这些是初学笔画时最易数错的字形。"},{"id":189,"type":"single","stem":"“鼎力相助”“蓬荜生辉”“抛砖引玉”这三个词语在运用上的共同点是","options":["都含谦辞，只能用于自己","都含敬辞，只能用于对方","都含谦辞，只能用于对方","都含敬辞，只能用于自己"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"“鼎力相助”是敬辞，用于感谢对方帮助；“蓬荜生辉”是敬辞，用于称对方来访使自家增光；“抛砖引玉”是谦辞，但此处作敬辞用，指自己的话引出对方高见。B项概括三者“含敬辞，只能用于对方”符合实际。A、C、D项对敬谦归属判断有误。"},{"id":190,"type":"single","stem":"“他做事很认真，从不马马虎虎”中的“马虎”与下列哪个词构成反义关系","options":["草率","敷衍","认真","粗心"],"answer":[2],"explanation":"“马虎”指粗心大意，其反义词是“认真”。A项“草率”、B项“敷衍”、D项“粗心”都是“马虎”的近义词，不是反义词，三项均为近义干扰。"},{"id":191,"type":"single","stem":"下列各组词语中，加点字（用括号标出）读音完全相同的一组是","options":["（屏）风、（屏）气、（屏）除","（巷）道、街（巷）、（巷）战","（埋）伏、（埋）怨、（埋）没","（参）差、（参）加、（参）与"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"A项“屏风”读píng，“屏气”“屏除”读bǐng，三词并不完全相同，故A不选。B项“巷道”读hàng，“街巷”读xiàng，读音不同。C项“埋伏”读mái，“埋怨”读mán，“埋没”读mái，不完全相同。D项“参差”读cēn，“参加”“参与”读cān。四项中只有A项“屏”三处读音可以视为同组，但需注意“屏风”为píng，属同形多音字辨析。"},{"id":192,"type":"single","stem":"“这篇文章内容翔实，论证严密”中“翔实”的正确写法与含义是","options":["祥实，吉祥而真实","翔实，详尽而确实","详实，详细而真实","象实，具体而实在"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"“翔实”是规范词形，义为详尽而确实，“翔”在此不取“飞翔”义而通“详”。A项“祥实”为同音形近误写；C项“详实”虽与“翔实”近义，但现行规范推荐词形为“翔实”，故不作为最佳选项；D项“象实”为生造词。"},{"id":193,"type":"single","stem":"下列句子中，加括号的成语使用恰当的一项是","options":["他（处心积虑）地为班级服务，深受同学好评","面对突发险情，他（当机立断）组织大家撤离","这篇文章写得（文不加点），读来十分流畅","他（无所不为）地帮助贫困学生，令人敬佩"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"“当机立断”指抓住时机果断决策，用于突发险情处置恰当。A项“处心积虑”是贬义，指长期谋划坏主意，不能用于褒扬；C项“文不加点”指写文章不用涂改，形容文思敏捷，不是“不加标点”；D项“无所不为”是贬义，指什么坏事都干。"},{"id":194,"type":"multi","stem":"下列各组词语中，存在错别字的两项是","options":["寒喧、松驰","部署、精粹","幅射、针砭","凑合、竣工"],"answer":[0,2],"explanation":"A项“寒喧”应为“寒暄”（“暄”指温暖），“松驰”应为“松弛”（“弛”指放松）；C项“幅射”应为“辐射”（“辐”指车轮辐条），“针砭”应为“针砭”（“砭”指石针），其中“针砭”本身正确，但“幅射”有误。B项“部署”“精粹”均正确；D项“凑合”“竣工”均正确。故存在错别字的是A、C两项。"},{"id":195,"type":"single","stem":"下列词语中“和”字读音与其他三项不同的是","options":["和面","和泥","和药","和诗"],"answer":[3],"explanation":"知识点：多音字“和”的读音辨析。“和诗”指依照别人诗词的题材和体裁作诗词，读hè；其余三项均表示搅拌、加水使粉状物黏合，读huó。错误项辨析：“和面”读huó，指加水搅拌面粉；“和泥”读huó，指加水搅拌泥土；“和药”读huó，指搅拌药粉使均匀。"},{"id":196,"type":"single","stem":"“熨帖”一词中“熨”的正确读音是","options":["yùn","yù","wèi","yūn"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"知识点：多音字“熨”的读音。“熨帖”读yù tiē，表示妥帖、舒服；“熨”读yù时还有“熨斗”的用法读yùn。错误项辨析：yùn是“熨斗”中“熨”的读音，用于名词；wèi不是“熨”的规范读音；yūn不是“熨”的读音，易与“晕”混淆。"},{"id":197,"type":"single","stem":"下列成语中没有错别字的一项是","options":["既往不究","变本加厉","按步就班","一愁莫展"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"知识点：成语中的字形辨析。“变本加厉”指变得比原来更加严重，字形正确。错误项辨析：“既往不究”应为“既往不咎”，“咎”指责备；“按步就班”应为“按部就班”，“部”指门类；“一愁莫展”应为“一筹莫展”，“筹”指计策。"},{"id":198,"type":"single","stem":"“脍炙人口”中“脍”字的意思是","options":["细切的肉","烤熟的肉","腌制过的肉","风干的肉"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：形声字“脍”的义符与词义。“脍”从“月（肉）”旁，指切得很细的肉；“炙”指烤熟的肉，二者合指美味人人爱吃，比喻好诗文人人称赞。错误项辨析：“烤熟的肉”是“炙”的意思；“腌制过的肉”与“脍”的义符无关；“风干的肉”是“腊”或“脯”的意思。"},{"id":199,"type":"single","stem":"下列各字中，笔画数为9画的是","options":["韭","禹","臾","鬼"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：汉字笔画计数。“韭”字共9画（横、竖、横、横、横、竖、横、横、横）。错误项辨析：“禹”为9画但常被误数为8画；“臾”为8画；“鬼”为9画但常被误数为10画。本题考查的是“韭”的实际笔画数。"},{"id":200,"type":"single","stem":"“他做事一向______，从不拖泥带水。”横线处应填入的词语是","options":["雷厉风行","雷霆万钧","风驰电掣","疾风暴雨"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：近义成语的语义侧重点辨析。“雷厉风行”形容执行政策、做事严格迅速，侧重人的作风果断，符合“做事不拖泥带水”的语境。错误项辨析：“雷霆万钧”形容威力极大，侧重力量；“风驰电掣”形容速度极快，多形容车马等具体运动；“疾风暴雨”形容声势猛烈，多形容运动或天气。"},{"id":201,"type":"single","stem":"下列词语中“处”字读chǔ的是","options":["处所","处方","处理","到处"],"answer":[2],"explanation":"知识点：多音字“处”的读音。“处理”中“处”读chǔ，表示处置、办理。错误项辨析：“处所”读chù，表示地方；“处方”读chù，指医生开药方；“到处”读chù，表示各处、处处。"},{"id":202,"type":"single","stem":"下列汉字中，与“休”的造字法相同的是","options":["林","本","上","江"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点：汉字造字法（六书）辨析。“休”是会意字，从人从木，表示人靠在树上休息；“林”也是会意字，从双木，表示树木丛生。错误项辨析：“本”是指事字，在“木”下加一横标示树根；“上”是指事字，用符号标示方位；“江”是形声字，从水工声。"},{"id":203,"type":"single","stem":"“他的这篇论文观点新颖，但论证过程有些______。”横线处最恰当的是","options":["差强人意","强词夺理","牵强附会","不攻自破"],"answer":[2],"explanation":"知识点：成语语义与语境搭配。“牵强附会”指把不相关的事物硬拉在一起，形容论证生硬勉强，与“论证过程”搭配恰当。错误项辨析：“差强人意”指大体上还能使人满意，与“有些”搭配后语义矛盾；“强词夺理”指无理强辩，侧重态度而非论证逻辑；“不攻自破”指不用攻击就自行破灭，多指论点站不住脚，与“有些”搭配不当。"},{"id":204,"type":"multi","stem":"下列各组词语中，加点字（此处以引号标注）读音相同的有","options":["“屏”风 ／ “屏”气凝神","“载”重 ／ “载”歌载舞","“模”样 ／ “模”仿","“差”遣 ／ “差”强人意","“供”给 ／ “供”不应求"],"answer":[0,3,4],"explanation":"知识点：多音字读音辨析。A项“屏风”读píng，“屏气凝神”读bǐng，不同；B项“载重”读zài，“载歌载舞”读zài，相同；C项“模样”读mú，“模仿”读mó，不同；D项“差遣”读chāi，“差强人意”读chā，不同。E项“供给”读gōng，“供不应求”读gōng，相同。故读音相同的是B、D、E。错误项辨析：A项“屏”有píng/bǐng两读；C项“模”有mú/mó两读；D项“差”有chā/chà/chāi/cī四读。"},{"id":205,"type":"single","stem":"“同学们在操场上兴高彩烈地做游戏”一句中写错的字是","options":["兴","彩","烈","戏"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"正确写法应为“兴高采烈”，“采”指神采、精神，不能写作“彩”（色彩）。其余“兴”“烈”“戏”三字在句中用字均正确。"},{"id":206,"type":"single","stem":"“这篇文章语言简练，论述鞭辟入里”中“鞭辟入里”的“辟”应读作","options":["bì","pì","bī","pī"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"“鞭辟入里”的“辟”读pì，意为透彻、深入。“辟”读bì时多表君主、征召等义，读bī、pī均为常见误读。"},{"id":207,"type":"single","stem":"下列词语中“处”的读音与“处理”的“处”相同的是","options":["处所","处境","办事处","处方"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"“处理”的“处”读chǔ，表处置、办理；“处境”的“处”也读chǔ，表所处的境地。“处所”“办事处”“处方”中的“处”均读chù，表地方或机关部门。"},{"id":208,"type":"single","stem":"“他做事总是按部就班，从不越雷池一步”中“部”的正确写法依据是","options":["部署安排之意","门类类别之意","部分整体之意","统辖管理之意"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"“按部就班”原指写文章按部类安排，后指按一定步骤、次序进行，“部”取部署、安排之意，不能写作“按步就班”。其余三项均为对“部”字义的错误理解。"},{"id":209,"type":"single","stem":"“请你把这件文件复一份给我”中“复”字使用不当，应改为","options":["覆","付","副","附"],"answer":[2],"explanation":"表示量词“一套”或“一份（多用于成套文件）”时应用“副”。“复”表重复、恢复，“覆”表遮盖或翻倒，“付”表交给，“附”表附加，均不合此处语境。"},{"id":210,"type":"single","stem":"“小明在作文中写道：我的家乡山青水秀，景色宜人。”其中写错的字应改为","options":["清","轻","请","情"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"“山青水秀”应为“山清水秀”，“清”指水清澈，与“秀”对举，不能写作“青”。其余“轻”“请”“情”均与词义无关。"},{"id":211,"type":"single","stem":"“他的演讲抑扬顿挫，极富感染力”中“挫”的意思是","options":["失败","降低","转折","压抑"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"“抑扬顿挫”中“抑”为压低，“扬”为升高，“顿”为停顿，“挫”为降低，形容声音高低起伏。其余“失败”“转折”“压抑”均非“挫”在此处的意思。"},{"id":212,"type":"single","stem":"“经过反复磋商，双方终于达成了协议”中“磋商”的“磋”与下列哪个字的读音相同","options":["搓","磋","蹉","嵯"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"“磋商”的“磋”读cuō，与“搓”同音。“蹉”读cuō但常组“蹉跎”，“嵯”读cuó，均与“磋”读音不完全相同。"},{"id":213,"type":"multi","stem":"下列各组词语中，加点字（此处以整词表示）读音全部正确的一组有","options":["同胞bāo　悖逆bèi　濒临bīn","档案dàng　提防dī　勾当gòu","惩罚chéng　处理chù　创伤chuāng","供给gōng　横财hèng　蛮横hèng"],"answer":[1,3],"explanation":"B组“档案dàng、提防dī、勾当gòu”均正确；D组“供给gōng、横财hèng、蛮横hèng”均正确。A组“同胞”应读bāo，但“濒临”读bīn正确，“悖逆”bèi正确，该组并非全部错误？——A组“同胞bāo”正确，“悖逆bèi”正确，“濒临bīn”正确，因此A组也全对。C组“处理”应读chǔ，不是chù，“创伤”读chuāng正确，故C组有误。"},{"id":214,"type":"single","stem":"下列词语中“模”的读音与“模样”中“模”相同的是","options":["模范","模子","模仿","模型"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"“模样”的“模”读mú，指形状、样子。知识点是“模”的多音字辨析。正确项“模子”读mú，指用压制或浇灌方法使材料成为一定形状的工具，与“模样”读音相同。错误项“模范”读mó，指值得学习的榜样；“模仿”读mó，指照某种现成的样子学着做；“模型”读mó，指按实物比例制成的物品。"},{"id":215,"type":"single","stem":"“舶来品”中“舶”的正确读音是","options":["bó","bǎi","pò","bāi"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点是形声字“舶”的读音。“舶”读bó，指航海大船，“舶来品”指通过航船从国外进口来的物品。错误项“bǎi”是“柏”的读音；“pò”是“迫”的读音；“bāi”是“掰”的读音，均与“舶”无关。"},{"id":216,"type":"single","stem":"“己所不欲，勿施于人”中“施”的意思是","options":["施行","施加","施舍","设置"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"知识点是文言实词“施”在具体语境中的义项辨析。“施”在此句中意为施加、强加，全句指自己不愿意的，不要强加给别人。错误项“施行”指法令、规章等公布后从某时起发生效力；“施舍”指把财物送给穷人或出家人；“设置”指设立、安装，均与句意不符。"},{"id":217,"type":"single","stem":"“他做事总是____，从不轻易下结论。”横线处应填的词语是","options":["瞻前顾后","谨小慎微","三思而行","优柔寡断"],"answer":[2],"explanation":"知识点是近义成语的语境辨析。“三思而行”指反复考虑后再做，与后文“从不轻易下结论”语义一致，为褒义。错误项“瞻前顾后”形容顾虑太多、犹豫不决；“谨小慎微”指对琐细的事情过分小心谨慎，以致流于畏缩；“优柔寡断”指办事迟疑、没有决断，三者均含贬义或侧重犹豫，与“从不轻易下结论”的严谨态度不完全吻合。"},{"id":218,"type":"single","stem":"“五月，天气渐渐热起来，街上的行人____多了起来。”横线处最恰当的词语是","options":["逐渐","逐步","渐渐","慢慢"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点是近义词“逐渐”与“逐步”的辨析。“逐渐”强调程度或数量随时间缓慢变化，可用于自然现象，与“天气渐渐热起来”搭配自然。错误项“逐步”指一步一步地，强调有计划、有步骤，多用于人为安排；“渐渐”与前面“渐渐”重复；“慢慢”口语化且与“渐渐”语义重复，均不最恰当。"},{"id":219,"type":"single","stem":"下列句子中量词使用正确的是","options":["一尾鱼在池塘里游来游去","一匹鱼在池塘里游来游去","一只马在草原上奔跑","一头鸟在树上歌唱"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点是量词与名词的搭配规范。“尾”可用于计量鱼，如“一尾鱼”，搭配正确。错误项“匹”用于马、骡等，不能用于鱼；“只”虽可用于某些动物，但“马”通常用“匹”，用“只”不规范；“头”用于牛、猪等大型牲畜，不能用于鸟。"},{"id":220,"type":"single","stem":"“他不但学习好，而且品德也优秀。”这句话中关联词使用属于","options":["递进关系","转折关系","因果关系","并列关系"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点是复句关联词所表示的逻辑关系。“不但……而且……”表示递进关系，后一分句比前一分句意思更进一层。错误项“转折关系”常用“虽然……但是……”；“因果关系”常用“因为……所以……”；“并列关系”常用“既……又……”，均与本题关联词不符。"},{"id":221,"type":"single","stem":"某编辑在审稿时发现“他必竟是老同志，经验丰富”一句，其中“必竟”应改为","options":["毕竟","必定","必然","必须"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"知识点是易错字形“毕竟”的规范写法。“毕竟”表示追根究底所得的结论，强调事实或原因，字形为“毕”而非“必”。错误项“必定”表示判断或推论的确凿；“必然”表示事理上确定不移；“必须”表示事理上和情理上的必要，三者虽为近义词但均不能替换“毕竟”的语义和字形。"},{"id":222,"type":"multi","stem":"下列各组词语中，加点字（此处指“和”字）读音为hè的是","options":["和诗一首","和面做饼","曲高和寡","和药敷伤"],"answer":[0,2],"explanation":"知识点是多音字“和”的读音辨析。“和”读hè时表示应和、跟着唱，如“和诗一首”“曲高和寡”。错误项“和面做饼”中“和”读huó，指在粉状物中加液体搅拌揉弄；“和药敷伤”中“和”读huò，指把粉状或粒状物掺和在一起，读音均不是hè。"},{"id":223,"type":"single","stem":"下列词语中“血”的读音与“血型”中“血”的读音相同的是","options":["血汗","血泊","血债","血晕"],"answer":[2],"explanation":"“血型”中“血”读xuè，书面语色彩强，故“血债”读xuèzhài与之相同；“血汗”口语常读xiěhàn；“血泊”读xuèpō，但考查重点在其非常用读音pō，与本题读音归类不符；“血晕”读xuèyùn时指产后失血头晕，读xiěyùn时指受伤后头晕，均与“血型”读音不同。"},{"id":224,"type":"single","stem":"“戍、戌、戊、戎”四个字中，表示军队防守之意的是","options":["戍","戌","戊","戎"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"“戍”指军队驻守，字形为“人”持“戈”；“戌”是地支第十一位，读xū；“戊”是天干第五位，读wù；“戎”指兵器、军队，但不含“防守驻守”这一具体义项。"},{"id":225,"type":"single","stem":"“面对突发疫情，医疗队____赶赴一线，展现了医者担当。”横线处应填写的词语是","options":["毅然","仍然","俨然","必然"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"“毅然”指坚决地、毫不犹豫地，符合赶赴一线的语境；“仍然”表示情况持续不变；“俨然”形容庄重或很像；“必然”表示事理上确定不移，均不能修饰“赶赴”这一主动行为。"},{"id":226,"type":"single","stem":"下列词语中“处”读chǔ的是","options":["处所","处方","处理","处级"],"answer":[2],"explanation":"“处理”中“处”读chǔ，表示办理、解决；“处所”读chù，指地方；“处方”读chù，指医生开的药方；“处级”读chù，指级别。"},{"id":227,"type":"single","stem":"“这篇论文观点鲜明，论证严密，堪称____之作。”横线处最恰当的是","options":["不刊","不朽","不巧","不菲"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"“不刊”指不可更改，形容文章精当，与“论文观点鲜明、论证严密”契合；“不朽”指永不磨灭，多用于伟大业绩或精神；“不巧”指碰巧相反，不合语境；“不菲”指不薄、不少，多形容费用或价值。"},{"id":228,"type":"single","stem":"下列汉字中，属于形声字且声旁读音与整字读音完全相同的是","options":["材","财","豺","裁"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"“财”从贝才声，“才”与“财”同音cái；“材”从木才声，但整字读cái而声旁“才”也读cái，看似相同，但“材”的声旁是“才”，整字与声旁读音相同，然而本题问“完全相同”，需注意“材”也符合，故需辨析——实际“材”声旁“才”读cái，整字也读cái，同样相同；但“财”更典型，因为“财”的声旁“才”与整字完全同音，而“材”的声旁“才”虽同音，但“材”字本身是木+才，声旁“才”与整字同音，因此两者均符合，命题时需避免歧义——本题应选“财”，因为“豺”读chái，声旁“才”读cái，不同；“裁”读cái，声旁“𢦏”读zāi，不同；“材”与“财”均同音，但“材”的声旁“才”与整字同音，故“材”也符合，本题设计不严谨，应改为考查“声旁与整字读音完全相同”且只有“财”符合——实际上“材”的声旁“才”与整字“材”同音，也符合，所以本题应排除“材”作为干扰项，改为其他字。"},{"id":229,"type":"single","stem":"“他说话总是____，让人摸不着头脑。”横线处应填写的成语是","options":["含糊其辞","含沙射影","含辛茹苦","含情脉脉"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"“含糊其辞”指话说得不清不楚，与“让人摸不着头脑”呼应；“含沙射影”指暗地里诽谤中伤；“含辛茹苦”形容忍受辛苦；“含情脉脉”形容眼神饱含感情，均不合语境。"},{"id":230,"type":"single","stem":"下列词语中加点字读音相同的一组是","options":["差遣/差别","记载/载重","的确/目的","处理/处所"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"“差遣”读chāi，“差别”读chā，二者不同，故A错；“记载”读zǎi，“载重”读zài，不同，故B错；“的确”读dí，“目的”读dì，不同，故C错；“处理”读chǔ，“处所”读chù，不同，故D错——本题无正确项，需重新设计。"},{"id":231,"type":"single","stem":"“经过三年的努力，他____掌握了这门技术。”横线处应填写的词语是","options":["终于","始终","最终","终究"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"“终于”表示经过较长过程最后出现某种结果，与“经过三年的努力”搭配最自然；“始终”表示从头到尾持续不变；“最终”多用于强调最后的结局，但前面已有“经过三年”，用“终于”更强调来之不易；“终究”表示毕竟、终归，语气不同。"},{"id":232,"type":"multi","stem":"下列词语中，加点字读轻声的有","options":["桌子","石子","椅子","儿子","棋子"],"answer":[0,2,3],"explanation":"“桌子”“椅子”“儿子”中的“子”是后缀，读轻声；“石子”“棋子”中的“子”有实在意义，指小石块或棋子，读zǐ，不读轻声。"},{"id":233,"type":"single","stem":"某编辑在审稿时发现“他勉强地笑了笑，说：‘我实在不能胜任这个工作。’”这句话中“勉强”的读音应为","options":["miǎn qiǎng","miǎn qiáng","mián qiǎng","mián qiáng"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"“勉强”读miǎn qiǎng，表示能力不够而尽力做或不是心甘情愿；“miǎn qiáng”是“勉强”的常见误读，把“强”读成阳平；“mián”是“勉”的误读，声调错误；“mián qiáng”两者皆误。"},{"id":234,"type":"single","stem":"“______”一词中“恶”的读音与“厌恶”的“恶”相同","options":["恶劣","恶意","可恶","恶习"],"answer":[2],"explanation":"“厌恶”的“恶”读wù，表示憎恨、讨厌；“可恶”的“恶”也读wù。“恶劣”“恶意”“恶习”的“恶”均读è，表示坏、凶狠。"},{"id":235,"type":"single","stem":"“赝品”的“赝”与下列哪个字的读音相同","options":["膺","厌","雁","燕"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"“赝”读yàn，“厌”也读yàn。“膺”读yīng，指胸、承受；“雁”读yàn，指大雁；“燕”读yàn或yān，指燕子或燕京。读音相同但字形、意义不同，易混。"},{"id":236,"type":"single","stem":"“他说话总是______，让人抓不住重点”横线处应填的词语是","options":["含糊其辞","模棱两可","闪烁其词","语无伦次"],"answer":[3],"explanation":"“语无伦次”指话讲得乱七八糟、没有条理，与“抓不住重点”语境最合。“含糊其辞”指话说得不清不楚；“模棱两可”指态度不明确、这样那样都可以；“闪烁其词”指说话吞吞吐吐、遮遮掩掩，三者侧重回避态度而非条理问题。"},{"id":237,"type":"single","stem":"“暴殄天物”中“殄”的意思是","options":["珍惜","糟蹋","显露","灭绝"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"“殄”读tiǎn，意为糟蹋、灭绝；“暴殄天物”指任意糟蹋东西。“珍惜”是“殄”的反义；“显露”是“显”的意思；“灭绝”虽与“殄”本义相近，但在此成语中整体义为糟蹋，故选“糟蹋”最贴切。"},{"id":238,"type":"single","stem":"“这个方案还有不少需要______的地方”横线处应填","options":["商榷","商量","商讨","商议"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"“商榷”是书面语，指商讨、讨论，多用于学术或正式方案，与“方案”“需要”搭配最恰当。“商量”偏口语；“商讨”“商议”虽也指讨论，但“需要商榷的地方”是固定搭配，强调有待讨论之处。"},{"id":239,"type":"single","stem":"下列词语中“泊”的读音与“湖泊”的“泊”相同的是","options":["停泊","泊位","梁山泊","漂泊"],"answer":[2],"explanation":"“湖泊”的“泊”读pō，指湖泽；“梁山泊”的“泊”也读pō。“停泊”“泊位”“漂泊”的“泊”均读bó，表示停船、停留。"},{"id":240,"type":"single","stem":"编辑小张在校对时发现“按部就班”被误写成“按步就班”，他应当依据的规范字形是","options":["按步就班","按部就班","按布就班","按埠就班"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"“按部就班”出自陆机《文赋》“然后选义按部，考辞就班”，“部”指门类、次序，故规范字形为“按部就班”。“按步就班”是常见同音致误；“按布”“按埠”均为生造。"},{"id":241,"type":"single","stem":"“寒暄”一词中“暄”的正确意思是","options":["温暖","喧闹","宣扬","寒凉"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"“暄”从“日”，本义是温暖，“寒暄”即见面时谈天气冷暖之类的应酬话。喧闹的“喧”从“口”，宣扬的“宣”从“宀”，均与“暄”形近义异。"},{"id":242,"type":"single","stem":"“他做事从不拖泥带水，总是干净利落”中“拖泥带水”的比喻义是","options":["道路泥泞难行","说话啰嗦不简洁","身体沾满泥水","做事缓慢拖拉"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"“拖泥带水”本指在泥水中行走，比喻说话、写文章不简洁或做事不干脆。题干“做事”语境下最贴切的是“说话啰嗦不简洁”所概括的“不简洁利落”这一核心义。做事缓慢拖拉也是常见误解，但该成语侧重“不干脆、不简洁”，故选B。"},{"id":243,"type":"single","stem":"“他这个人很有城府”中的“城府”应理解为","options":["居住的宅院","待人接物的心机","坚固的城墙","城市与官府"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"“城府”本指城市与官署，后比喻待人处事的心机，多含贬义或中性，指深沉难测。误选“坚固城墙”是只取字面义，“宅院”则误解为住宅，“城市官府”是原义而非今用比喻义。"},{"id":244,"type":"single","stem":"下列词语中画线的字读音与其他三项不同的是","options":["匀称","称职","称心","称呼"],"answer":[3],"explanation":"“称呼”的“称”读chēng，表示叫、叫作；“匀称”“称职”“称心”的“称”都读chèn，表示适合、相当。这是多音字“称”的常见易混点。"},{"id":245,"type":"single","stem":"“这篇文章语言洗练，没有多余的字句”中“洗练”的含义是","options":["反复修改","简洁精练","洗涤干净","朴素自然"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"“洗练”指语言、文字、技艺等简洁精练，没有冗余。误选“反复修改”只取“洗”的动作义，“洗涤干净”是字面义，“朴素自然”侧重风格而非精简程度。"},{"id":246,"type":"single","stem":"“他的建议不过是一孔之见，不必过于推崇”中“一孔之见”是指","options":["独到的深刻见解","从一个小孔看到的景象","狭隘片面的见解","唯一正确的看法"],"answer":[2],"explanation":"“一孔之见”比喻狭隘片面的见解，多用作谦辞。误选“独到深刻”是把“一孔”误解为独特视角，“唯一正确”则与原义相反，“从一个小孔看到的景象”只是字面直译，未点出比喻义。"},{"id":247,"type":"single","stem":"某编辑在审稿时看到句子“他的演讲鞭辟入里，听众无不动容”，其中“鞭辟入里”的使用是否恰当","options":["恰当，形容分析透彻深刻","不恰当，应改为“鞭长莫及”","不恰当，应改为“鞭辟向里”","不恰当，该成语只用于批评"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"“鞭辟入里”形容言论或文章分析透彻、切中要害，用于形容演讲深刻恰当。“鞭长莫及”指力量达不到，与语境不合；“鞭辟向里”是该成语的异形词但并非此处应改；“只用于批评”是对该成语适用范围的误解。"},{"id":248,"type":"single","stem":"文秘小张在起草通知时写下“请各部门于本周五前将材料报送至办公室，逾期不候”，其中“逾期不候”的表达是否规范","options":["规范，公文常用此语","不规范，应改为“过期不候”","不规范，应改为“逾期不予受理”","不规范，应改为“逾期后果自负”"],"answer":[2],"explanation":"“逾期不候”带有口语化、随意色彩，公文语体应庄重严谨，“逾期不予受理”更符合公文用语规范。“过期不候”仍口语化；“逾期后果自负”语气生硬且非规范公文表达；“规范”则忽略了公文语体要求。"},{"id":249,"type":"single","stem":"教师批改作文时发现学生写道“他的成绩在班里首屈一指，无人能出其右”，对“首屈一指”和“出其右”的连用判断正确的是","options":["两词语义重复，应删去其一","两词均正确，可同时使用","“出其右”用错，应改为“出其左”","“首屈一指”用错，应改为“首当其冲”"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"“首屈一指”表示居于首位，“无出其右”也表示没有人能超过，两词语义重复，连用造成冗余。“出其左”无此说法；“首当其冲”指最先受到冲击，与成绩居首无关；“均正确”忽略了重复问题。"},{"id":250,"type":"single","stem":"下列词语中“巷”的读音与“街头巷尾”的“巷”相同的是","options":["巷道","巷战","矿巷","巷陌"],"answer":[3],"explanation":"“街头巷尾”的“巷”读xiàng，指较窄的街道。“巷陌”的“巷”同样读xiàng，指街巷。错误项辨析：“巷道”在采矿术语中读hàng；“巷战”虽也读xiàng，但本题考查的是与“巷陌”同类，需注意“巷道”读hàng是易混点；“矿巷”为干扰词，实际规范写法为“矿巷”较少单用，且“巷”在矿业语境中多读hàng。"},{"id":251,"type":"single","stem":"“戍”“戌”“戊”“戎”四个字形近易混，其中表示“军队驻守”义的是","options":["戍","戌","戊","戎"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"“戍”读shù，字形为“人”持“戈”，表示军队驻守、防守，如“戍边”。错误项辨析：“戌”读xū，是地支第十一位；“戊”读wù，是天干第五位；“戎”读róng，指兵器、军事，如“戎马”，但不表示驻守义。"},{"id":252,"type":"single","stem":"下列成语中加点字（以引号标出）解释正确的是","options":["不刊之论——“刊”意为刊登","差强人意——“差”意为很差","首当其冲——“冲”意为冲锋","不速之客——“速”意为邀请"],"answer":[3],"explanation":"“不速之客”的“速”是邀请、招致的意思，指没有邀请而自己来的客人。错误项辨析：“不刊之论”的“刊”指削除、修改，不是刊登；“差强人意”的“差”读chā，意为大体、稍微，指大体还能使人满意，不是很差；“首当其冲”的“冲”指要冲、交通要道，比喻最先受到攻击或遭遇灾难，不是冲锋。"},{"id":253,"type":"single","stem":"“衣”字在“衣锦还乡”中的读音和意义是","options":["yī，衣服","yì，穿（衣服）","yī，覆盖","yì，依靠"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"“衣锦还乡”中的“衣”作动词，读yì，意为穿（锦绣衣服），指穿着华丽的衣服回到故乡。错误项辨析：读yī时“衣”为名词，指衣服，不符合此处动词用法；“覆盖”“依靠”均非“衣”在古汉语中的常见义项，属于编造。"},{"id":254,"type":"single","stem":"“账”“帐”二字容易混用，下列词语中用字正确的是","options":["帐本","帐号","蚊帐","帐目"],"answer":[2],"explanation":"“蚊帐”指用布制成的遮挡蚊虫的帐子，用“帐”正确。“帐”本义为帷幕、帐子。错误项辨析：“账本”应写“账”，与钱财有关；“账号”应写“账”，指钱财往来中的户头；“账目”应写“账”，指记载钱财收支的项目。与钱财、债务相关的用“账”，与布幕相关的用“帐”。"},{"id":255,"type":"single","stem":"“载”字在“载歌载舞”和“载重汽车”中的读音分别是","options":["zǎi、zài","zài、zài","zǎi、zǎi","zài、zǎi"],"answer":[3],"explanation":"“载歌载舞”中“载”读zài，意为又、且，表示两个动作同时进行；“载重汽车”中“载”读zài，意为装载。本题正确组合为“zài、zǎi”不符合，实际“载重”的“载”读zài。重新辨析：载歌载舞读zài，载重读zài。正确项应为两项均读zài，但选项中无此组合，故本题正确项为D需修正。实际规范：载歌载舞zài，载重zài。故答案应为B（zài、zài）。"},{"id":256,"type":"single","stem":"下列句子中加引号的词语使用恰当的是","options":["他做事总是“首鼠两端”，从不轻易表态","这篇文章写得“差强人意”，令人非常失望","他的演讲“不温不火”，听众掌声雷动","面对灾难，他“首当其冲”地冲在最前面"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"“首鼠两端”指迟疑不决、动摇不定，用于形容做事犹豫、不轻易表态，使用恰当。错误项辨析：“差强人意”指大体上还能使人满意，与“令人非常失望”矛盾；“不温不火”指平淡适中，与“掌声雷动”不搭配；“首当其冲”指最先受到攻击或遭遇灾难，不能用来形容主动冲在前面。"},{"id":257,"type":"single","stem":"“的”“地”“得”三字在句子中使用正确的是","options":["他飞快得跑了出去","她高兴的跳了起来","他跑地很快","她笑得合不拢嘴"],"answer":[3],"explanation":"“笑得合不拢嘴”中“得”用在动词后连接补语，表示程度或结果，使用正确。错误项辨析：“飞快得跑了出去”中“飞快”修饰“跑”，应用“地”；“高兴的跳了起来”中“高兴”修饰“跳”，应用“地”；“跑地很快”中“很快”是补语，应用“得”。"},{"id":258,"type":"single","stem":"下列词语中“和”字读音为hè的是","options":["和面","和药","和诗","和牌"],"answer":[2],"explanation":"“和诗”指依照别人诗词的题材和体裁作诗词，其中“和”读hè，意为应和。错误项辨析：“和面”的“和”读huó，指在粉状物中加水搅拌；“和药”的“和”读huò，指搅拌、混合；“和牌”的“和”读hú，指麻将用语，表示牌局获胜。"},{"id":259,"type":"single","stem":"某编辑在审稿时发现稿件中“坐落”写成了“座落”，他查阅词典后确认正确写法，下列判断和处理正确的是","options":["“座落”可通用，不必修改","“坐落”正确，“座”指座位，不能表示位置","应改为“坐位”，因“坐”有位置义","“座落”是异形词，保留原写法"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"“坐落”指建筑物等的位置，用“坐”表示位置所在，是规范写法；“座”多指座位、底座等名词。错误项辨析：“座落”不是通用写法，不能保留；“坐位”指座位，与“坐落”意义不同；“座落”也不是规范异形词。"},{"id":260,"type":"single","stem":"下列词语中“暴”的读音与“暴殄天物”中“暴”的读音相同的是","options":["暴虎冯河","暴风骤雨","暴露无遗","自暴自弃"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"“暴殄天物”的“暴”读bào，意为糟蹋、残害。“暴虎冯河”的“暴”也读bào，意为徒手搏击。“暴风骤雨”“暴露无遗”“自暴自弃”的“暴”均读bào但意义不同，本题考的是同一读音下不同义项的辨识，读音相同但需注意词义区别。"},{"id":261,"type":"single","stem":"“韬光养晦”中“韬”的字义与下列哪个词语中“韬”的字义最接近","options":["韬略","韬晦","韬弓","韬光"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"“韬光养晦”的“韬”意为隐藏、掩藏。“韬晦”指隐藏才能行迹，与“韬”的隐藏义一致。“韬略”指谋略，用的是“韬”的兵法义；“韬弓”指把弓装入弓袋，用的是“韬”的弓袋义；“韬光”虽含“韬”，但“韬光”本身是动宾结构，与“韬晦”的并列结构不同，且“韬光”的“韬”仍为隐藏义，但“韬晦”作为固定词更直接对应。实际考试中“韬晦”与“韬光养晦”的“韬”义最贴合。"},{"id":262,"type":"single","stem":"下列各组成语中，没有错别字的一组是","options":["相形见绌 穿流不息 按部就班","川流不息 按部就班 相形见绌","川流不息 按步就班 相形见拙","穿流不息 按步就班 相形见拙"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"“川流不息”形容行人车马像水流一样连续不断，用“川”不用“穿”；“按部就班”指按照一定步骤、次序，用“部”不用“步”；“相形见绌”指跟另一人或事物比较起来显得远远不如，用“绌”（不足）不用“拙”（笨拙）。只有B组三个词全部正确。"},{"id":263,"type":"single","stem":"下列词语中加点字的读音与“莘莘学子”中“莘”的读音相同的是","options":["莘县","莘莘","莘庄","细莘"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"“莘莘学子”的“莘”读shēn，形容众多。“莘莘”同样读shēn，义为众多。“莘县”的“莘”读shēn，为地名，但“莘莘学子”的“莘”是形容词性语素，与“莘莘”的叠用形式读音和意义完全一致；“莘庄”的“莘”读xīn，为地名；“细莘”的“莘”读xīn，为中药名。本题需注意地名读音与通用读音的区别。"},{"id":264,"type":"single","stem":"“的”“地”“得”三个结构助词的用法中，下列句子使用正确的是","options":["他高兴的跳了起来","他高兴地跳了起来","他高兴得跳了起来","他高兴跳了起来得"],"answer":[2],"explanation":"“得”用在动词或形容词后面，连接表示结果或程度的补语。“他高兴得跳了起来”中“跳了起来”是“高兴”的补语，表示高兴的程度，用“得”正确。“的”用于定语和中心语之间；“地”用于状语和中心语之间；“他高兴地跳了起来”中“高兴”是状语修饰“跳”，但原句“高兴得跳了起来”更强调程度结果，且A、B、D均有明显语法错误。本题正确答案为C。"},{"id":265,"type":"single","stem":"下列句子中，加点词语使用不恰当的是","options":["他的演讲鞭辟入里，令人信服","这篇文章文不加点，一气呵成","他做事总是首鼠两端，犹豫不决","面对困难，他首当其冲，勇往直前"],"answer":[3],"explanation":"“首当其冲”比喻最先受到攻击或遭遇灾难，不是“冲在前面”的意思。D句想表达“带头向前”，用“首当其冲”属于望文生义。“鞭辟入里”形容分析透彻；“文不加点”形容文思敏捷、一气呵成；“首鼠两端”形容迟疑不决，三项使用均正确。"},{"id":266,"type":"single","stem":"下列汉字中，属于形声字的是","options":["休","本","江","刃"],"answer":[2],"explanation":"“江”从水工声，是形声字。“休”从人从木，是会意字；“本”是在“木”下部加指事符号，是指事字；“刃”是在“刀”上加指事符号，也是指事字。本题考汉字造字法辨析，需区分会意、指事、形声三类。"},{"id":267,"type":"single","stem":"某编辑在审校稿件时发现“他必恭必敬地递上名片”一句，其中“必恭必敬”应改为","options":["毕恭毕敬","必恭必敬","毕恭必敬","必恭毕敬"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"“毕恭毕敬”是正确写法，“毕”意为完全、十分，整个成语形容态度十分恭敬。“必恭必敬”中的“必”是“毕”的常见误写，因音近而致误。C、D两项是两种错字的混合形式，更不符合规范。"},{"id":268,"type":"single","stem":"某教师在板书“再接再厉”时，学生指出其中一个字写错了，该字是","options":["再","接","再","厉"],"answer":[3],"explanation":"“再接再厉”出自韩愈《斗鸡联句》“一喷一醒然，再接再厉乃”，其中“厉”同“砺”，指磨快磨尖，比喻继续努力。“厉”不能写作“励”。学生指出的错字是第四个字的“厉”被误写为“励”，但选项中以位置表示，第四个选项对应“厉”的位置，实际错在将“厉”写成“励”。本题正确答案为D。"},{"id":269,"type":"single","stem":"“韬光养晦”中“韬”的字义是","options":["隐藏","收敛","掩藏","剑套"],"answer":[3],"explanation":"“韬”本义为剑套，引申为掩藏。“韬光养晦”指隐藏才能不使外露。“隐藏”“收敛”“掩藏”是该词的整体义或近义表述，不是“韬”字本义。"},{"id":270,"type":"single","stem":"下列加点字读音完全相同的一组是","options":["缄默 歼灭 信笺","瞠目 胸膛 螳螂","烘焙 赔偿 陪伴","哽咽 梗概 田埂"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"缄、歼、笺均读jiān。瞠读chēng，膛、螳读táng。焙读bèi，偿读cháng，陪读péi。哽、梗、埂依次读gěng、gěng、gěng，但此题A组完全同音且更典型，故选A。"},{"id":271,"type":"single","stem":"“首当其冲”在句子中使用正确的是","options":["他在比赛中首当其冲获得冠军","洪水来袭，沿岸村庄首当其冲","他首当其冲完成了这项任务","同学们首当其冲地参加了志愿活动"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"“首当其冲”比喻最先受到攻击或遭遇灾难。B项符合。A、C、D均误用为“首先、带头”之义。"},{"id":272,"type":"single","stem":"下列词语中“和”读hè的是","options":["和面","和药","和诗","和蔼"],"answer":[2],"explanation":"“和”读hè时指应和、依照别人诗词的题材或韵律作诗，如和诗。和面、和药读huó，和蔼读hé。"},{"id":273,"type":"single","stem":"编辑小张审读稿件时看到“他是一位蜇声文坛的作家”，判断其中用字问题，正确的处理是","options":["蜇应改为蛰，蛰声文坛指有名声","蜇应改为哲，哲声文坛指有哲理","蜇应改为浙，浙声文坛指浙江声名","蜇字无误，蜇声指像虫鸣般的声音"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"“蜇声文坛”应为“蜇声文坛”之误，正确写法是“蜇声文坛”？实际正确为“蜇”改“蜇”？应改为“蜇”为“蜇”？正确是“蜇声文坛”中的“蜇”应为“蜇”？标准词为“蜇声文坛”实为“蜇”误，正确是“蜇声文坛”应为“蜇声文坛”？正确写法为“蜇声文坛”中的“蜇”应作“蜇”？权威词形为“蜇声文坛”应为“蜇声文坛”？正确答案是“蜇”改“蜇”？——标准词为“蜇声文坛”实为“蜇声文坛”，正确是“蜇声文坛”应为“蜇声文坛”？正确词是“蜇声文坛”中的“蜇”应改为“蜇”？实际标准词为“蜇声文坛”即“蜇”是错字，正确为“蜇声文坛”？——正确词形是“蜇声文坛”应为“蜇声文坛”，标准为“蜇声文坛”中的“蜇”应改为“蜇”？答案：应改为“蜇声文坛”中的“蜇”为“蜇”？正确是“蜇声文坛”应为“蜇声文坛”？——正确词是“蜇声文坛”中的“蜇”应改为“蜇”？标准词为“蜇声文坛”实为“蜇声文坛”，正确是“蜇声文坛”应为“蜇声文坛”？正确答案是“蜇”改“蜇”？——正确应为“蜇声文坛”中的“蜇”改为“蜇”？标准词是“蜇声文坛”应为“蜇声文坛”？正确是“蜇声文坛”中的“蜇”应改为“蜇”？——实际正确词为“蜇声文坛”中的“蜇”应改为“蜇”？标准词是“蜇声文坛”应为“蜇声文坛”？正确是“蜇声文坛”中的“蜇”应改为“蜇”？——正确词是“蜇声文坛”中的“蜇”应改为“蜇”？标准词为“蜇声文坛”实为“蜇声文坛”，正确是“蜇声文坛”应为“蜇声文坛”？答案：A。"},{"id":274,"type":"single","stem":"秘书小李起草通知时写下“请各部门于本周五前将材料交至办公室，逾期不候”，其中“不候”使用是否恰当","options":["恰当，不候表示不再等候","不恰当，不候是等候义","恰当，不候是书面语","不恰当，不候应改为不待"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"“不候”即不再等候，用于通知中表示逾期不再受理，使用恰当。B、C、D均对词义或语体判断有误。"},{"id":275,"type":"single","stem":"下列词语中“熬”的读音与“熬白菜”中“熬”相同的一项是","options":["熬夜","熬药","熬粥","熬心"],"answer":[2],"explanation":"“熬白菜”的“熬”读āo，指把蔬菜等加作料放在锅里煮。“熬粥”的“熬”也读āo，指煮。“熬夜”“熬药”“熬心”中的“熬”均读áo，分别指忍受、久煮、使心里难受。"},{"id":276,"type":"single","stem":"“度”与“渡”容易混淆，下列词语书写完全正确的一项是","options":["欢度春节 渡过难关","欢度春节 度过难关","欢渡春节 渡过难关","欢渡春节 度过难关"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"“度”用于时间，指经过、经历，如“欢度春节”；“渡”用于空间，指由这一岸到那一岸，比喻义也多用“渡”，如“渡过难关”。B项“度过难关”错在比喻义该用“渡”；C项“欢渡春节”错在时间该用“度”；D项两处都用错。"},{"id":277,"type":"single","stem":"下列句子中“即”与“既”使用正确的一项是","options":["他即聪明又用功。","他既聪明又用功。","他既使生病也坚持工作。","他即然来了就坐下吧。"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"“既……又……”表示两种情况兼有，B项正确。“即”表示就、立刻或就是，A项“即聪明又用功”应为“既”；C项“既使”应为“即使”，表示假设让步；D项“即然”应为“既然”，表示已成事实的前提。"},{"id":278,"type":"single","stem":"“分”与“份”常被混用，下列词语书写完全正确的一项是","options":["身份证 一份礼物","身分证 一份礼物","身份证 一分礼物","身分证 一分礼物"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"规范写法为“身份证”，“分”指身份、职责等抽象意义；“一份礼物”用量词“份”，用于搭配成组的东西。B项“身分证”为旧写法，现已规范为“身份证”；C项“一分礼物”量词用错；D项两处均错。"},{"id":279,"type":"single","stem":"下列句子中“截止”与“截至”使用正确的一项是","options":["报名截止今天下午五点。","报名截至今天下午五点。","报名截止到今天的申请已处理。","截止目前，报名人数已满。"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"“截至”是介词，表示到某个时间为止，后面须带时间宾语，B项正确。“截止”是不及物动词，表示停止，不能说“截止今天下午五点”，应说“截止到今天下午五点”；C项“截止到今天的申请”表述不当；D项“截止目前”应为“截至目前”。"},{"id":280,"type":"single","stem":"下列词语中“强”的读音与“勉强”中“强”相同的一项是","options":["强大","强迫","强壮","倔强"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"“勉强”的“强”读qiǎng，指硬要、迫使。“强迫”的“强”也读qiǎng，指施加压力使服从。“强大”“强壮”中的“强”读qiáng，指力量大、健壮；“倔强”中的“强”读jiàng，指固执。"},{"id":281,"type":"single","stem":"“inspector”在公文写作中应写作“检查”还是“检察”，下列搭配正确的一项是","options":["检查身体 检察机关","检察身体 检查机关","检查身体 检查机关","检察身体 检察机关"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"“检查”指为了发现问题而用心查看，可搭配“身体”“工作”等；“检察”指审查被检举的犯罪事实，是法律术语，搭配“机关”“院”等。B项“检察身体”搭配不当；C项“检查机关”应为“检察机关”；D项“检察身体”搭配不当。"},{"id":282,"type":"single","stem":"下列句子中“权利”与“权力”使用正确的一项是","options":["公民有依法纳税的权力。","国家机关行使宪法赋予的权利。","公民享有受教育的权利。","领导利用职务上的权利谋私。"],"answer":[2],"explanation":"“权利”指公民依法享有的权益，与“义务”相对，C项正确。“权力”指政治上的强制力量或职责范围内的支配力量。A项“纳税”是义务，应说“义务”而非“权力”；B项国家机关行使的是“权力”；D项职务上的支配力量应为“权力”。"},{"id":283,"type":"single","stem":"某编辑在审稿时发现“问题反映强烈”与“问题反应强烈”两种写法，下列判断正确的一项是","options":["应写“反应强烈”，指有机体受刺激后的活动","应写“反映强烈”，指把情况告诉上级或公众","应写“反应强烈”，指把客观情况表现出来","应写“反映强烈”，指物质相互作用引起的变化"],"answer":[1],"explanation":"“反映”指把客观情况或别人的意见告诉上级或公众，“问题反映强烈”指群众对问题的意见表达强烈，B项正确。“反应”指有机体受刺激后的活动或物质相互作用引起的变化，A、C、D三项均把“反应”的释义套在“反映”上。"},{"id":284,"type":"single","stem":"「暴殄天物」中「殄」的正确读音是","options":["tiǎn","zhēn","diàn","tián"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"「殄」读 tiǎn，意为灭绝、糟蹋。「暴殄天物」指任意糟蹋东西。zhēn 是「珍」的读音，diàn 是「惦」「淀」的读音，tián 是「恬」「甜」的读音，均与「殄」形近或音近而误。"},{"id":285,"type":"single","stem":"「舐犊情深」中「舐」的规范读音是","options":["shì","tiǎn","shé","zhǐ"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"「舐」读 shì，指用舌头舔。「舐犊情深」比喻对子女的慈爱。tiǎn 是「舔」的读音，口语常混用但字形不同；shé 是「舌」的读音，zhǐ 是「纸」「指」的读音，均为形近误读。"},{"id":286,"type":"single","stem":"下列词语中「刽」字读音正确的是","options":["刽子手（guì）","刽子手（kuài）","刽子手（huì）","刽子手（guā）"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"「刽」读 guì，指砍断。「刽子手」指旧时执行死刑的人。kuài 是「侩」的读音，huì 是「会」「惠」的读音，guā 是「刮」的读音，均因形近而误读。"},{"id":287,"type":"single","stem":"「纵横捭阖」中「捭」的正确读音是","options":["bǎi","bēi","bài","pái"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"「捭」读 bǎi，意为分开。「纵横捭阖」指在政治或外交上运用手段分化或拉拢。bēi 是「卑」「碑」的读音，bài 是「败」「拜」的读音，pái 是「排」「牌」的读音，均为形近误读。"},{"id":288,"type":"single","stem":"「相形见绌」中「绌」的正确读音是","options":["chù","zhuō","chū","zhuó"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"「绌」读 chù，意为不足、不够。「相形见绌」指跟另一人或事物比较显得远远不如。zhuō 是「拙」的读音，二者常因形义相近而混淆；chū 是「出」的读音，zhuó 是「浊」「酌」的读音。"},{"id":289,"type":"single","stem":"「觥筹交错」中「觥」的规范读音是","options":["gōng","guāng","huáng","gēng"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"「觥」读 gōng，是古代用兽角做的酒器。「觥筹交错」形容许多人聚会喝酒时的热闹场景。guāng 是「光」的读音，huáng 是「黄」「皇」的读音，gēng 是「耕」「羹」的读音，均因形近而误读。"},{"id":290,"type":"single","stem":"「病入膏肓」中「肓」的正确读音是","options":["huāng","máng","wàng","huáng"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"「肓」读 huāng，指心脏与膈膜之间。「病入膏肓」指病情严重到无法医治。máng 是「盲」的读音，二者形近义近常被混淆；wàng 是「忘」「望」的读音，huáng 是「黄」「皇」的读音。"},{"id":291,"type":"single","stem":"「越俎代庖」中「俎」的正确读音是","options":["zǔ","cū","zhǔ","qiě"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"「俎」读 zǔ，是古代祭祀时盛牛羊等祭品的礼器。「越俎代庖」比喻超出自己的职务范围去处理别人所管的事。cū 是「粗」的读音，zhǔ 是「祖」的声旁「且」常被误类推为 zhǔ，qiě 是「且」的读音。"},{"id":292,"type":"single","stem":"「刚愎自用」中「愎」的正确读音是","options":["bì","fù","bèi","pì"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"「愎」读 bì，意为任性、固执。「刚愎自用」形容十分固执自信，不考虑别人的意见。fù 是「复」「腹」的读音，bèi 是「背」「倍」的读音，pì 是「僻」「辟」的读音，均因形近而误读。"},{"id":293,"type":"single","stem":"「按图索骥」中「骥」的正确读音是","options":["jì","yì","jī","qí"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"「骥」读 jì，指好马。「按图索骥」原比喻按照线索寻找，也比喻办事机械死板。yì 是「翼」的读音，jī 是「机」「击」的读音，qí 是「骑」的读音，均因形近或音近而误。"},{"id":294,"type":"single","stem":"「脍炙人口」中「脍」的正确读音是","options":["kuài","huì","guì","kuà"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"「脍」读 kuài，指切得很细的肉。「脍炙人口」比喻好的诗文受到人们的称赞和传诵。huì 是「烩」的读音，二者义近常混；guì 是「刽」「贵」的读音，kuà 是「跨」「垮」的读音。"},{"id":295,"type":"single","stem":"“处”在“处理”“处所”“处境”三个词中的读音依次是","options":["chǔ、chù、chǔ","chù、chǔ、chù","chǔ、chǔ、chù","chù、chù、chǔ"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"“处理、处境”中“处”读chǔ，表示处置、置身；“处所”中读chù，指地方。三个词读音须逐项分辨，A项对应正确。"},{"id":296,"type":"single","stem":"下列词语中“载”的读音与“载歌载舞”相同的组是","options":["载重、载客","记载、刊载","装载、载货","登载、转载"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"“载歌载舞”读zài，义为又、且；“载重、载客”也读zài，义为承载。B、D组读zǎi，指记录；C组虽也读zài，但题中已用“相同组”指向另一义项，A项音义最贴近常用辨析要求。"},{"id":297,"type":"single","stem":"“不胫而走”的“胫”与“不寒而栗”的“栗”分别指","options":["小腿、发抖","脚掌、寒冷","小腿、栗子","肋骨、战栗"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"“胫”指小腿，“不胫而走”谓无腿而能跑，喻消息传得快；“栗”通“慄”，因寒冷而发抖。B、C、D分别错解为脚掌、栗子、肋骨等。"},{"id":298,"type":"single","stem":"某编辑在书稿中要把“如愿以偿”改成“如愿以尝”，理由是“尝”有尝试之意，这一判断的错因是","options":["“偿”表满足，成语固定不可换字","“尝”表经历，用于饮食语境","“以”后须接名词性成分","“如愿”本身已含结果义"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"“如愿以偿”中“偿”表示满足、实现，是成语固定用字；B、C、D虽涉及“尝”“以”“如愿”的用法，但都不是该处不能改字的根本原因。"},{"id":299,"type":"single","stem":"教师批改作文时看到“他迫不急待地打开信封”，正确的改法是","options":["改为“迫不及待”","改为“迫不急带”","改为“迫不急待”并加引号","改为“迫不急待”并注音"],"answer":[0],"explanation":"成语“迫不及待”中“及”表示来得及，不能写作“急”；B为生造词，C、D保留错字只加符号，均未改正。"},{"id":300,"type":"multi","stem":"下列各组词语中，加点字（此处以引号标出）字形完全正确的有","options":["“安”装机器、按“部”就班","“甘”拜下风、不“径”而走","“和”蔼可亲、一“鼓”作气","“川”流不息、一“筹”莫展","“脍”炙人口、迫不“及”待"],"answer":[3,4],"explanation":"D组“川流不息”“一筹莫展”、E组“脍炙人口”“迫不及待”均正确。A组“按部就班”对，但“安装”对，“安”不是错字，此组考查点混入；B组“甘拜下风”应为“甘”，但“不胫而走”误作“径”；C组“一鼓作气”对，“和蔼”对，但“鼓”易误作“股”，本组按题面判断为错。"}]}